English Cathedrals Illustrated: Second and Revised EditionBond, Francis
History
English Cathedrals Illustrated: Second and Revised Edition
Bond, Francis
Cathedrals -- England; Cathedrals -- Wales
The first seat of the diocese was on the coast at Selsea; it was
transferred to Chichester by Stigand in 1082, when other Norman prelates
removed to fortified towns such as Lincoln, Exeter, and Norwich. In the
south aisle of the choir are two Saxon slabs representing the meeting
of Christ with Mary and Martha and the raising of Lazarus. The figures
are the tall, emaciated, but dignified figures of archaic Byzantine art;
their stature carefully proportionate to their importance; the slabs
may well have come from Selsea. Stigand was followed by Gosfried, who
for some unknown sin sought and obtained absolution from the Pope. The
original document in lead may be seen in the library. “We, representing
St. Peter, the chief of the Apostles, to whom God gave the power of
binding and loosing, absolve thee, Bishop Godfrey, so far as thy
accusation requests and the right of remission belongs to us. God the
Redeemer be thy salvation and graciously forgive thee all thy sins. Amen.
On the seventh of the Calends of April, on the festival of St. Firmin,
bishop and martyr, died Godfrey, bishop of Chichester; it was then the
fifth day of the moon.”
I. NORMAN.—Godfrey was succeeded in 1091 by Ralph, whose stone coffin,
marked “Radulphus” may be seen in the Lady chapel. Godfrey built the
present Norman cathedral, or at any rate enough of it to allow a
consecration in 1108. Before his death in 1123, or soon after, the whole
cathedral must have been complete except the west front, where only the
two lower stories of the south-west tower are Norman. The voluted capital
of eleventh-century Norman work—an attempt at Ionic—which appears also
on the east side of Ely transept—occurs in the triforium of the choir.
The work in the four eastern bays of the nave is a little later; the
four western bays, in which the triforium is treated differently, were
possibly not built till after the fire in 1114. The Norman Church had the
same ground-plan as that of Norwich, commenced _c._ 1096, and Gloucester,
commenced _c._ 1089. It had an aisled nave, aisleless transept with
eastern apses, aisled choir, apse and ambulatory, and a chevet of
three radiating chapels, of which the side chapels were semicircular,
the central or eastern chapel oblong, as at Canterbury and Rochester.
Externally, on the south wall of the choir, in the second bay from the
east, may be seen traces of the curve of the wall of the ancient apse,
and also a triforium window which originally was in the centre of one of
the narrowed bays of the apse, but has now ceased to be central. In the
chamber above the library the curve of the wall of the apse of the north
transept is well seen. The piers, as in most eleventh-century work, are
monstrously and unnecessarily heavy, and the arches constricted. It is
rather a monotonous interior, with the same design from choir to west
end. It is a pity that they did not give us a different and improved
design in the nave, as was done at Tewkesbury and Gloucester. Matters
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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