English Wayfaring Life in the Middle Ages (XIVth Century)Jusserand, J. J. (Jean Jules)
History
English Wayfaring Life in the Middle Ages (XIVth Century)
Jusserand, J. J. (Jean Jules)
Christian pilgrims and pilgrimages -- England; England -- Social life and customs -- 1066-1485; Travel, Medieval
The Commons of the Good Parliament of 1376 secured the confirmation
of all the previous statutes. Prohibitions were renewed against any
going out of their “own district” (_pays propre_), whether they were
villeins proper, or “labourers and artificers and other servants.”
The economic changes that had taken place had rendered possible,
however, what was not so formerly; labourers were wanted, and it
was not rare to find landowners who employed them in spite of the
laws, even by the day, and at other wages than those of the tariff.
The parliamentary petitions declare that “they are so willingly
{269} received in strange places suddenly into service, that this
reception gives example and comfort to all servants, as soon as they
are displeased with anything, to run from master to master into
strange places, as is aforesaid.” And this would not go on, observe
the Commons, if when they offered their services in this fashion they
were “taken and put in the stocks.” True, indeed, but the landowners
who needed help, and whose crops were waiting on the ground, were too
happy to meet with “servantz corores” (runaway), whoever they might
be; and instead of taking them “to the nearest gaol,” to pay and use
them. The labourers knew it, and their traditional masters had to
show less severity. For on some unreasonable demand or over-strong
reprimand, instead of submitting as formerly, or venturing a protest,
the workman said nothing but, “par grande malice,” went away: “As
soon as their masters challenge them with bad service or offer to pay
them for their service according to the form of the said statutes,
they flee and run away suddenly out of their service and out of their
own district, from county to county, from hundred to hundred, from
town to town, in strange places unknown to their said masters.”[370]
Worse still, and inevitable, many among them, unable or unwilling to
work, took up begging or robbing as a profession. These “wandering
labourers become mere beggars in order to lead an idle life, and
betake themselves out of their district commonly to the cities,
boroughs, and other good towns to beg, and they are able-bodied and
might wel ease the community if they would serve.” {270}
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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