English Wayfaring Life in the Middle Ages (XIVth Century)Jusserand, J. J. (Jean Jules)
History
English Wayfaring Life in the Middle Ages (XIVth Century)
Jusserand, J. J. (Jean Jules)
Christian pilgrims and pilgrimages -- England; England -- Social life and customs -- 1066-1485; Travel, Medieval
Thus did returning travellers relate their recollections, to the
delighted wonderment of their countrymen. The wish to set out in
their turn was awakened in them, and those who remained in their
village associated themselves to the pious journey by their prayers
and some small gift of money. All along his road the pilgrim found
similar dispositions; to receive and help him was to share in his
merits, and thus it was that people in the humblest ranks, assisted
from place to place,[548] could accomplish distant pilgrimages. The
rules of several gilds provided for the case of a member setting
out to fulfil a vow. In order to participate in his good work, all
the “bretheren and sisteren” accompanied him out of the town, and
on bidding him farewell offered him their gift. {390} They watched
their friend go off with his deliberate step, beginning a journey
across many countries, to last many months, sometimes several years.
They returned to the town, and the elders, who knew the world, no
doubt told what strange things their friend was like to see in those
distant lands, and what subjects for edification he would meet with
on his way.
The gild of the Resurrection at Lincoln, founded in 1374, had among
its rules, “If any brother or sister wishes to make pilgrimage to
Rome, St. James of Galicia, or the Holy Land, he shall forewarn the
gild; and all the bretheren and sisteren shall go with him to the
city gate, and each shall give him a half-penny at least.” The same
rule was observed by the Fullers’ gild of Lincoln, founded in 1297;
the pilgrim going to Rome was accompanied as far as Queen’s Cross,
outside the town, if he left on a Sunday or a feast-day; and if he
could let them know of his return, and it were not a working day,
all went to meet him at the same place and accompanied him to the
monastery. The tailors of the same city also gave a half-penny to him
among them who was going to Rome or St. James, and a penny to him
who went to the Holy Land. The ordinances of the Gild of the Virgin,
founded at Hull in 1357, had: “If any brother or sister of the gild
wishes, at any time, to make a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, then,
in order that all the gild may share in his pilgrimage, he shall be
fully released from his yearly payment until his return.”
Some gilds kept open house for pilgrims, always with the same object
of having a part thereby in the merits of the traveller. Thus the
gild-merchant of Coventry, founded in 1340, maintained “a common
lodging-house of thirteen beds,” to receive poor travellers who cross
the country going on pilgrimage or from any other pious motive. This
hostelry was managed by a governor, aided by a woman who washed
the feet of the {391} guests and took care of them. The annual
expenditure on this foundation was ten pounds sterling.[549]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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