American loyalists; Andros, Edmund, Sir, 1637-1714; Society of Friends -- New England; Witchcraft -- New England
It would be needlessly revolting to relate the details of the
subsequent trials, in which the Court, driven by the popular panic
and the prevailing religious ideas, perverted justice and destroyed
the innocent.[87] Nineteen persons in all were executed, all of whom,
without exception, died professing their innocence and forgiving their
murderers, and thus refused to save their lives by confessing crimes
which they had not committed and could not possibly commit.[88] Besides
those who suffered for witchcraft, one other, Giles Cory, was put to
death with the utmost barbarity. When arraigned for trial he refused
to plead, and was condemned to the _peine forte et dure_, the only
time this infamous torture was ever inflicted in America. It consisted
in placing the contumacious person on a hard floor, and then piling
weight after weight upon him, until he consented to plead or was
crushed to death. A nearly contemporary account relates that when, in
the death agony, the poor wretch’s tongue protruded from his mouth,
the sheriff with his cane pushed it in again; and local tradition and
ballad told how in his torment he cried for “more rocks” to be heaped
on him to put him out of his misery.[89] This was the last of the
executions. The Court of Oyer and Terminer sat no more, and in the
interval between its adjournment and the opening of the sessions of the
“Supreme Standing Court,” in the following January, time was given for
consideration and reflection.[90]
But it may be questioned whether consideration and reflection would
have put a stop to the delusion without the operation of another and
more powerful cause. Thus far, the accused persons had been generally
of insignificant position, friendless old women, or men who had either
affronted their neighbors or, by the irregularity of their lives,
had lost the sympathy of the community.[91] But with their success,
the boldness or the madness of the accusers increased; some of the
most prominent people in the colony, distinguished in many cases by
unblemished lives, were now charged with dealings with the devil,
and even the wife of the Governor fell under suspicion. The community
came at last to its senses, and began to realize that the evidence,
which till then had seemed conclusive, was not worthy of attention.
Confessions were withdrawn, and the testimony of neighbors to good
character and life was at length regarded as of greater weight than the
ravings of hysterical girls or the malice of private enemies. So it
came about that before long those who were not prejudiced and committed
by the part they had played, acknowledged that they had been condemning
the innocent and bringing blood-guiltiness upon the land. Even Cotton
Mather, who had been largely responsible for the spread of the
delusion, was compelled to admit that mistakes had been made, though
he still maintained that if a further investigation had been held in
the cases of many who were set free, their guilt might have been made
apparent.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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