Levin's conversation with the peasant, toward the close of "Anna
Karenina," indicates clearly the religious attitude of Tolstoi, and
prepares us for the crisis that followed. From 1877 to 1879 he passed
through a spiritual struggle, read the New Testament constantly, and
became completely converted to the practical teachings of the Gospel.
Then followed his well-known work, "My Religion," the abandonment of
his former way of life, and his attempts to live like a peasant, in
daily manual labour. Since that time he wrote a vast number of
religious, political, and social tracts, dealing with war, marriage,
law-courts, imprisonment, etc. Many of the religious tracts belong to
literature by the beauty and simple directness of their style. Two
short stories and one long novel, all written with a didactic purpose,
are of this period, and added to their author's reputation: "The Death
of Ivan Ilyich, The Kreuzer Sonata," and "Resurrection."
One cannot but admire the courage of Tolstoi in attempting to live in
accordance with his convictions, just as we admire Milton for his
motives in abandoning poetry for politics. But our unspeakable regret
at the loss to the world in both instances, when its greatest living
author devotes himself to things done much better by men destitute of
talent, makes us heartily sympathise with the attitude of the
Countess, who hardly knew whether to laugh or to cry. In a letter to
her husband, written in October 1884, and filled with terms of
affectionate tenderness, she said: "Yesterday I received your letter,
and it has made me very sad. I see that you have remained at Yasnaya
not for intellectual work, which I place above everything, but to play
'Robinson.' You have let the cook go . . . and from morning to night
you give yourself up to manual toil fit only for young men. . . . You
will say, of course, that this manner of life conforms to your
principles and that it does you good. That's another matter. I can
only say, 'Rejoice and take your pleasure,' and at the same time I
feel sad to think that such an intellectual force as yours should
expend itself in cutting wood, heating the samovar, and sewing boots.
That is all very well as a change of work, but not for an occupation.
Well, enough of this subject. If I had not written this, it would have
rankled in me, and now it has passed and I feel like laughing. I can
calm myself only by this Russian proverb: 'Let the child amuse
himself, no matter how, provided he doesn't cry."
In the last few weeks of his life, the differences of opinion between
the aged couple became so acute that Tolstoi fled from his home, and
refused to see the Countess again. This flight brought on a sudden
illness, and the great writer died early in the morning of the 20
November 1910. He was buried under an oak tree at Yasnaya Polyana.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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