New problems arise with the large symposium scene in the Tomba dei
Leopardi at Corneto, which was discovered in 1875 and has now been
described in an exemplary manner by Weege in the article mentioned
above. The pictures are among the best preserved in the whole of
Etruria, and date from about the same time as the Bighe tomb, about 500
B.C. The tomb takes its name from the two almost life-sized leopards
in the pediment (fig. 24). They have been neatly proved by Weege to
be hunting leopards. As early as the days of ancient Egypt leopards
were trained for hunting purposes, and hunting leopards appear in
Greek vase-paintings and Etruscan wall-paintings, for instance, in
the earlier tombs such as the Tomba delle Leonesse and the Tomba del
Triclinio, where the animal lies beneath a couch. In the Middle Ages
the hunting leopard was still trained in the East, and is therefore
depicted in the paintings of the Renaissance—for instance in the
pictures of Gentile da Fabriano and Benozzo Gozzoli—as seated on the
cruppers of the horses behind the Magi or their servants.[45] In modern
India leopards are still trained to hunt.
[Sidenote: TOMBA DEI LEOPARDI]
Beneath the two long-bodied hunting leopards we see the main picture of
the back wall (fig. 24) representing a symposium. On the couch to the
left two youths are reclining, on each of the two others a youth and
a young girl.[46] The young men are attired in mantles, the girls in
chitons and mantles; all wear garlands. In their hands they hold either
chaplets, drinking-bowls, or round objects usually supposed to be eggs.
Similar ‘eggs’ appear in numerous Etruscan banqueting-scenes: in the
Tomba del Triclinio, del Letto funebre, della Pulcella, degli Scudi,
&c., and as egg-shells are frequently found in the tombs at Corneto,
and eggs must therefore have been offered to the dead[47]—as the most
nourishing of foods, and one which stimulates in particular the
procreative force—it is not improbable that the old interpretation is
the correct one. Weege supposes them to be ballot-balls used to decide
who should be the master of the symposium (symposiarch), but this was
usually decided by throwing dice. A third conceivable interpretation,
which I think might be acceptable in certain cases where a man and a
woman hand each other these round objects, is that they are rings. In
Plautus’s _Asinaria_ (778) it is spoken of as typical of two young
lovers reclining on one couch at the symposium that one of them gives
the other his or her ring to look at.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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