STATE SCHOOLS AND CALHOUN SETTLEMENT 461 CHAPTER XXXI. C. M. E. SCHOOLS 472 CHAPTER XXXII. CHRISTIAN SCHOOLS 476 CHAPTER XXXIII. COLEMAN MANUFACTURING COMPANY 481 CHAPTER XXXIV. RICHMOND, VA. 486 CHAPTER XXXV. HERE AND THERE 498 CHAPTER XXXVI. NATIONAL BAPTIST PUBLISHING BOARD 564 CHAPTER XXXVII. COLORED SOLDIERS 569 CHAPTER XXXVIII. CONCLUSION 572 INDEX TO PORTRAITS OF PEOPLE 574 EVIDENCES OF PROGRESS AMONG COLORED PEOPLE. CHAPTER I. BAPTIST SCHOOLS MANAGED BY WHITE PEOPLE. In 1865 four million colored people suddenly emerged from bondage, poor, ignorant, and in many cases with very crude notions of religion or morality. Not one-third of those who had arrived to years of understanding at that time can be found among the eight millions of colored population to-day. And consequently, the younger element of this race know little or nothing about the great conflict, the culmination of which brought to their fathers and mothers that boon of all human aspiration--liberty. "With the mutations of time in Egypt, a king arose who knew not Joseph. In these changes here, a new generation comes on, to whom occurrences of the past are but dim and sometimes distorted traditions." To my mind, the last generation has been characterized by greater conflicts and has been freighted with more thrilling events than any generation through which the history of this country has brought us. Through ignorance, and sometimes indifference, we are in serious danger of depreciating the wonderful agencies that have been such potent factors in the growth and development of a people. It is, therefore, important that some close observer of events constantly keep before the people, in whose interest these factors have been set in operation, full accounts of all the developments, that the young may be inspired to noble aims and lofty endeavors. While such a task is not an easy one, I feel it my duty to attempt its performance. All the data and every observation set forth in these chapters have been the result of personal investigation among the colored people. I shall give in this chapter a brief history of the schools conducted by white people of the Baptist denomination for the education of colored people. In this work the American Baptist Home Mission Society has expended since 1862 $3,000,000. The value of school property acquired by the society amounts to $900,000.