Evolution and Classification of the Pocket Gophers of the Subfamily GeomyinaeRussell, Robert J.
Science
Evolution and Classification of the Pocket Gophers of the Subfamily Geomyinae
Russell, Robert J.
Pocket gophers
Specimens of the genus _Geomys_ from the late Pliocene were referred
to the large _Geomys quinni_ McGrew, first by Franzen (1947:55) and
later by Hibbard and Riggs (1949:835) and Hibbard (1950:171). _Geomys
quinni_ has been obtained from the Fox Canyon locality and Locality 3
of the Rexroad local fauna. At Locality 3, both _Zygogeomys_ (cf.
_minor_) and _Geomys quinni_ have been found together, but _Geomys
quinni_ can be distinguished by its much larger size and the advanced
enamel pattern of the cheek teeth (see systematic accounts beyond).
All age classes are represented among the specimens of _Geomys
quinni_; therefore, it seems unlikely that the smaller gophers
referred to _Zygogeomys_ are actually the young of _Geomys quinni_.
Hibbard (personal communication, May, 1966) informed me that specimens
of _Geomys_ from the late Pliocene (Fox Canyon and Rexroad Locality 3)
are erroneously referred to _G. quinni_. According to Hibbard, this
material represents instead two distinct undescribed species,
descriptions of which have been submitted by him for publication.
Allocation of late Pliocene specimens of _Geomys quinni_ to other
species will restrict _quinni_ to the early Pleistocene.
_Cratogeomys bensoni_ Gidley (1922:123) was of medium size. The name
was based on an upper incisor bearing a single median sulcus and an
associated lower jaw containing all of the cheek teeth from the Benson
local fauna, Cochise County, Arizona. Additional lower jaws carrying
various teeth also were recovered. The specimens might just as well
have been assigned to the genus _Pappogeomys_ since the lower
dentitions of all the genera of the tribe Geomyini have the same
enamel pattern, and the subgenera _Pappogeomys_ and _Cratogeomys_
have upper incisors with median grooves. The specimens are too
fragmentary to warrant more than generic identification. Mainly
because of their late Pliocene age and primitive traits the specimens
are here regarded as early representatives of the subgenus
_Pappogeomys_. Discovery of the upper molariform dentition would make
a more precise assignment possible.
Pleistocene
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