_NO present Advantage accrued to those Persons, or to that Age, which first discover'd the Properties of the Magnet. Many hundreds of Years intervened, before they were applied to the great Uses of Navigation. Had these remain'd a secret till now, what other Methods could have been substituted in their Place, by which we could securely traverse the vast Ocean? All the Advantages we receive from distant Commerce, we must still have been Strangers to, but for this fortunate Application of the magnetical Power. And even the Discoveries thus far had been very imperfect, without the Knowledge of the Variation of the Compass. But the present Age, and even this Nation, boasts of a Gentleman[1], who seems to be entrusted with the magnetical Powers themselves. He makes artificial Magnets, increases in a few Minutes the Powers of real ones to a surprizing Degree, changes at Pleasure their Poles, and makes that newly acquired Polarity, permanent. The World, I hope, will not long be deprived of the Manner, by which these extraordinary Changes are produced, which as yet this Gentleman thinks proper to conceal. As Electricity has some Properties in common with Magnetism, as will be shewn in the Course of these Observations; some new Lights probably may be thrown upon both. But to return; admitting even, that no substantial Advantages could arise from the Inquiries before us, (which, however, we can by no means grant, upon our considering the Effects we already perceive of its Operations upon human Bodies) whatever tends to enlarge the Conceptions of the Mind, and to implant in us still more lofty Ideas of the Almighty Author of Nature, deserves certainly, independent of other Considerations, our highest Regard._ _THESE Experiments were all made with Glass Tubes of about two Foot long; the bore about an Inch in Diameter. But a scrupulous Exactness in these Proportions is no ways necessary. The thinner and lighter these Tubes are, the sooner they are excited; though they, 'tis true, don't retain their Power so long as those, which are more thick and substantial. But where you intend to communicate the electrical Power, as fast as you excite it, I should prefer a light Tube; though it ought never to be less than 1/12 of an Inch thick, because of the Danger of breaking it by the Friction._ _THE Tube, before it is rubbed, should be always made dry and warm, which may be done by laying it before the Fire. But I cannot omit hereupon making one further Remark_; viz. _that Glass Tubes, exactly of the same Dimensions, made at the same Time, and with the same Materials, vary considerably with regard to their fitness for electrical Purposes. Clear and dry Air with some degree of cold is most eligible, though I have succeeded in the greatest Fogs, but with more Difficulty._ TO _Martin Folkes_, Esq; P. R. S. _SIR_,