B. _i._--1 John v. 6-10. Summary of the Gospel as a Gospel of _witness_. 1. "The Spirit beareth witness" = John i. 32, xiv., xv., xx. 22. 2. "The water beareth witness" = John i. 28, ii. 9, iii. 5, iv. 13, 14, v. 1, 9, vi. 19, vii. 37, ix. 7, xiii. 5, xix. 34, xxi. 1. 3. "The blood beareth witness" = John vi. 53, 54, 55, 56, xix. 34. 4. "The witness of men" = (A. _ii._ 1 (_b_)) Also John i. 45, 49, iii. 2, iv. 39, vii. 46, xii. 12, 13, 17, 19, 20, 21, xviii. 38, xix. 35, xx. 28. 5. "The witness of God" = (_a_) Scripture = John i. 45, v. 39, 46, xix. 36, 37. (_b_) Christ's own = John viii. 17, 18, 46, xv. 30, xviii. 37. (_c_) His Father's = John v. 37, viii. 18, xii. 28. (_d_) His works = John v. 36, x. 25, xv. 24. _ii._--1 John v. 20. We know (_i.e._, by the Gospel) that-- 1. "The Son of God is come" (ἡκεν), "has come and is here." Note.--בָאחִי = ἡκω, LXX. Psalm xl. 7. "_Venio_ symbolum quasi Domini Jesu fuit." (Bengel on Heb. x. 7), the _Ich Dien_ of the Son of the Father--εγω γαρ εκ του θεου εξηλθον και ἡκω. "I came forth from God, and am here" (John viii. 4) = John i. 29--xxi. 23 (John xiv. 18, 21, 23, xvi. 16, 22, form part of the thought "is here"). 2. "And hath given us an understanding" = gift of the Spirit, John xiv., xv., xvi. (especially 13, 16). 3. "This is the very God and eternal Life" = John i. 1, 4. The whole Gospel of St. John brings out these primary principles of the Faith,-- That the Son of God has come. That He is now and ever present with His people. That the Holy Spirit gives them a new faculty of spiritual discernment. That Christ is the very God and the Life of men. FOOTNOTES: [31] Bengel, on Acts xix. 19, 20, finds a reference to manuscripts of some of the synoptical Gospels and of the Epistles in 2 Tim. iv. 13, and conjectures that, after St. Paul's martyrdom, Timothy carried them with him to Ephesus. [32] Renan's curious theory that Rom. xvi. 1-16 is a sheet of the Epistle to the Ephesians accidentally misplaced, rests upon a supposed prevalence of Ephesian names in the case of those who are greeted. Archdeacon Gifford's refutation, and his solution of an unquestionable difficulty, seems entirely satisfactory. (_Speaker's Commentary, in loc._, vol. iii., New Testament.) [33] It has become usual to say that the Epistle does not advert to John iii. or John vi. To us it seems that _every_ mention of the Birth of God _is_ a reference to John iii. (1 John ii. 23, iii. 9, iv. 7, v. 1-4.) The word αιμα occurs _once_ only in the fourth Gospel outside the sixth chapter (xix. 34; for i. 13 belongs to physiology). Four times we find it in that chapter--vi. 53, 54, 55, 56. Each mention of the "Blood" in connection with our Lord _does_ advert to John vi. [34] The masc. part. οι μαρτυρουντες is surely very remarkable with the three neuters (το πνευμα, το ὑδωρ, το αιμα) 1 John v. 7, 8.