Fetichism in West Africa : $b forty years' observation of native customs and superstitionsNassau, Robert Hamill
Philosophy
Fetichism in West Africa : $b forty years' observation of native customs and superstitions
Nassau, Robert Hamill
Ethnology -- Africa, West; Fetishism -- Africa, West
The day after the funeral a decoction is made of the bark of a well-known
tree, bolondo. With it the doctor sprinkles the people, their houses,
their utensils and weapons, and the two entrances to the village. During
the ceremony the people are shouting an ejaculatory prayer, "Goods!
Possessions! Wealth! Do not allow confusions to come to us!" this is
distinctly a petition that the spirit should bring to them goods or help
them to obtain wealth; "Let us have food!" and many other similar cries
for good things. What remains in the vessel of the decoction of bolondo
bark after the general sprinkling is carried to the ends of the village
street, and emptied there, as a prevention against the entry of evil
spirits.
Also there is made a mixture of scrapings of bolondo, powdered red-wood,
and chalk. This is rubbed on the cheeks of the people to keep off the evil
spirits. It is rubbed also, for that same purpose, on the walls of
houses.
The cutlass (machete) and native hoe that was used in the digging of the
grave are washed with the bolondo decoction after having been left exposed
to rain over night.
Then one of the houses of the village is chosen as the ndabo ya kwedi
(house of mourning). The mourners are to sit only in that house. If they
should eat in any other house, the spirit of the dead would come and eat
with them and would make them sick. During the days of kwedi the men go in
the mornings to fish; while they are away at the work, the weeping is
intermitted lest in some way it spoil the fishing.
The bedstead in the house of mourning must be constantly occupied, even
during the daytime, by some persons sitting there, lest the spirit come to
take any vacant space; and the house itself must not, by day or night, be
without some occupant. The near relatives, when one has occasion to go out
of that house, must not go unaccompanied, lest the spirit follow them and
attempt to resume earthly companionship and thus injure them.
If it was a great man who has died, an occasional dance is held during the
prescribed mourning time to please his spirit, which is supposed to be
walking around and observing what is done.
The kwedi formerly lasted a month, or, for a prominent person, a month and
a half.
People who while they were living were supposed to have witch power are
believed to be able to rise in an altered form from their graves. To
prevent one who is thus suspected from making trouble, survivors open the
grave, cut off the head, and throw it into the sea,--or in the interior,
where there is no great body of water, it is burned; then a decoction of
the bolondo bark is put into the grave. (The bolondo is a poison; even a
little of it may be fatal.)
When affairs are going wrong in the villages, and the people do not know
the cause, offerings of food and drink are taken to the grave to cause the
spirit to cease disturbing them, and prayers are made to it that it may
the rather bless them.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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