Fetichism in West Africa : $b forty years' observation of native customs and superstitions — John Shaqi
Fetichism in West Africa : $b forty years' observation of native customs and superstitionsNassau, Robert Hamill
Philosophy
Fetichism in West Africa : $b forty years' observation of native customs and superstitions
Nassau, Robert Hamill
Ethnology -- Africa, West; Fetishism -- Africa, West
A woman does not inherit at any time or under any circumstances, nor hold
property in her own right, even if she has produced it by her own labor.
There is no supremacy in regard to age in the division of property. The
things to be inherited are women (the widows), goods, house, and slaves.
An equal division, as far as it is possible, is made of all these.
The dead man's debts are to be paid by the heirs out of their inheritance,
each one paying his part. There is no written will, but it is common for a
man to announce his intention as to the division while still living.
IV. POLITICAL ORGANIZATION.
The coast tribes and some of the interior have so-called "kings," who are
chosen by their tribe to that office.
There are family cliques for the accomplishment of a desired end, but
these are overruled by the tribal king.
There are headmen in each village with local authority; but they too are
subject to the king, they having authority only in their own village.
Quarrels and discussions, called "palavers," are very common. (A palaver
need not necessarily be a quarrel; the word is derived from a Portuguese
verb = "to speak." It comes from the old days of slavery; it was the
"council" held between native chiefs and white slave traders, in the
purchase of a cargo of slaves.)
The headmen settle disputes about marriage, property rights, murders, war,
thefts, and so forth. Their decisions may be appealed from to a chief, or
carried further to the king, whose decision is final. Any one, young and
old, male and female, may be present during a discussion. Usually only
chosen persons do the speaking.
Instead of a question being referred to a chief or king, a committee of
wise men is sometimes chosen for the occasion. Public assemblages are
gathered by messengers sent out to summon the people. The meeting is
presided over by the king.
V. SERVANTS.
The domestic servants are slaves. Prisoners of war are also made to do
service; but on the making of peace male prisoners are returned to their
tribe; the female prisoners are retained and married. Slaves were bought
from interior tribes. If a male child was born to slave parents, he was
considered free and could marry into the tribe. If the slave mother died,
the widower could marry into the tribe. If the slave father died, the
widow was married by some man of the family who owned him. There are no
slaves bought or sold now, but there is a system of "pawns,"--children or
women given as a pledge for a debt and never redeemed. Their position is
inferior, and they are servants, but not slaves.
Also, if a prominent person (_e. g._, a headman) is killed in war, the
people who killed him are to give a daughter to his family, who may marry
her to any one they please.
A pawn may be sent away by the holder to some other place, but he cannot
be sold or killed; but the holder may beat him if he be obstreperous.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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