Fetichism in West Africa : $b forty years' observation of native customs and superstitionsNassau, Robert Hamill
Philosophy
Fetichism in West Africa : $b forty years' observation of native customs and superstitions
Nassau, Robert Hamill
Ethnology -- Africa, West; Fetishism -- Africa, West
Standing in the village street, surrounded by a company whom their chief
has courteously summoned at my request, when I say to him, "I have come to
speak to your people," I do not need to begin by telling them that there
is a God. Looking on that motley assemblage of villagers,--the bold, gaunt
cannibal with his armament of gun, spear, and dagger; the artisan with
rude adze in hand, or hands soiled at the antique bellows of the village
smithy; women who have hasted from their kitchen fire with hands white
with the manioc dough or still grasping the partly scaled fish; and
children checked in their play with tiny bow and arrow or startled from
their dusty street pursuit of dog or goat,--I have yet to be asked, "Who
is God?"
Under the slightly varying form of Anyambe, Anyambie, Njambi, Nzambi,
Anzam, Nyam, or, in other parts, Ukuku, Suku, and so forth, they know of a
Being superior to themselves, of whom they themselves inform me that he is
the _Maker_ and _Father_. The divine and human relations of these two
names at once give me ground on which to stand in beginning my address.
If suddenly they should be asked the flat question, "Do you know
Anyambe?" they would probably tell any white visitor, trader, traveller,
or even missionary, under a feeling of their general ignorance and the
white man's superior knowledge, "No! What do _we_ know? You are white
people and are spirits; you come from Njambi's town, and know all about
him!" (This will help to explain, what is probably true, that some natives
have sometimes made the thoughtless admission that they "know nothing
about a God.") I reply, "No, I am not a spirit; and, while I do indeed
know about Anyambe, _I_ did not call him by that name. It's your own word.
Where did you get it?" "Our forefathers told us that name. Njambi is the
One-who-made-us. He is our Father." Pursuing the conversation, they will
interestedly and voluntarily say, "He made these trees, that mountain,
this river, these goats and chickens, and us people."
That typical conversation I have had hundreds of times, under an immense
variety of circumstances, with the most varied audiences, and before
extremes of ignorance, savagery, and uncivilization, utterly barring out
the admission of a probability that the tribe, audience, or individual in
question had obtained a previous knowledge of the name by hearsay from
adjacent more enlightened tribes. For the _name_ of that Great Being was
everywhere and in every tribe before any of them had become enlightened;
varied in form in each tribe by the dialectic difference belonging to
their own, and not imported from others,--for, where tribes are hundreds
of miles apart or their dialects greatly differ, the variation in the name
is great, _e. g._, "Suku," of the Bihe country, south of the Kongo River
and in the interior back of Angola, and "Nzam" of the cannibal Fang, north
of the equator.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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