Field book of common rocks and minerals : $b for identifying the rocks and minerals of the United States and interpreting their origins and meaningsLoomis, Frederic Brewster
Science
Field book of common rocks and minerals : $b for identifying the rocks and minerals of the United States and interpreting their origins and meanings
Loomis, Frederic Brewster
Minerals -- United States; Rocks -- United States
The third system has all three axes unequal, but all three are still at
right angles with each other. This is saying that the lines of force in
the crystals are all at right angles to each other but of unequal value.
The faces in this case are all in pairs. What happens at one end of an
axis must happen at the opposite end, but does not need to happen at the
ends of any of the other axes. We are dealing with pairs of faces (one
at either end of an axis), and if three such pairs are combined in the
simplest manner, the resulting figure will be a rectangular prism. If we
cut the eight corners of this prism and enlarge the faces until they
meet, the result is an octahedron, in which the distance from top to
bottom, from side to side, or from front to back is not the same in any
two cases. (See Plate 2.) In this system if a face is made by beveling
one edge of the prism there must be a corresponding face on the edge
diagonally opposite, but there does not have to be one on any of the
other edges. However if a corner is cut, that face affects all the axes
and so all the corners must be cut. A great many crystals occur in this
system, and some of them which are prismatic in shape may give trouble,
for it is not uncommon for the vertical edges of the prism to be so
beveled, that two of the original prism faces are obliterated, and the
two remaining faces added to the four new faces make a six-sided prism,
which at first glance seems to belong to the hexagonal system. (See
Plate 3, fig. 3.) Close examination however will show that, instead of
all the prism faces being alike, as would be necessary for the hexagonal
system, they are really in pairs, and one pair at least will be
distinguished in some way, such as being striated, pitted, or duller.
Monoclinic system
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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