Herb 7-8 ft. high. Leaves obovate or oval, cuspidate, softly tomentose beneath, 1-3 in. long; capitula campanulate, ab. 30-flowered, ab. ½ in. long, in dense corymbose cymes 6 in. in diam.; florets rose-lilac. Mongalla Prov. (Yei River); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land). =V. atriplicifolia= _Jaub._ & _Spach._ Undershrub, ab. 3 ft. high, covered with close stiff silky hairs and scattered sessile glands. Leaves (as with others in this genus) alternate, ovate to rhomboidal with 1-3 coarse teeth on each side, up to 1 in. long. Capitula ab. 12-flowered in a diffuse leafy panicle, red or purplish. Red Sea Prov. (Suakin). =V. turbinata= _Oliv._ & _Hiern._ Large herb, closely white-tomentose. Leaves subsessile, elliptic-oblong, entire or denticulate, scabrous above, 2½ in. long. Capitula turbinate, many-flowered, ⅔ in. wide, purple, in an elongated terminal panicle. Bahr El Jebel (Madi woods). =V. Perrottetii= _Sch. Bip._ AKIEIRA (Goz el Siada)—Dinka. Pubescent or puberulous annual, up to 2 ft. high. Leaves narrow-linear, scabrid, up to 2 in. long. Capitula ab. 1 in. diam., campanulate, purple, solitary, terminating the numerous branches. Blue Nile Prov.; Kordofan Prov. (Hillet Nu); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas); Bahr El Jebel (Madi). =V. violacea= _O._ & _H._ Erect herb, 2-3 ft. high. Leaves subsessile, obovate-oblong, crenate- dentate, up to 3 in. long. Cap. hemispherical, many-flowered ab. ⅔ in. wide, solitary, terminating numerous naked peduncles, 1-3 in. long. Inner pappus violaceous. Bahr El Jebel (Madi). =V. ambigua= _Kotschy_ & _Peyr._ Erect, pilose annual ½-2 ft. high. Leaves sessile, with subauricled base, oblanceolate to linear-oblanceolate, up to 4 in. long. Cap. hemispherical ab. ¾ in. diam., in terminal corymbose cymes, up to 1 ft. diam.; cor. purple. Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas); Bahr El Jebel (Madi woods). =V. undulata= _O._ & _H._ Erect, puberulous herb, ab. 2 ft. high. Leaves lanceolate and ovate, undulate, 1-2 in. long. Cap. ab. 20-flowered, ab. ⅓ in. across, in a lax corymbose cyme 6 in. across; flowers rose-blue. Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land, near Gumba). =V. cinerascens= _Sch. Bip._ Very like _V. atriplicifolia_; differs chiefly by its setaceous pappus. Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L.). =V. Smithiana= _Less._ Herb, 1-2 ft. high, woody at base and silvery-hairy. Leaves subsessile, lanceolate-oblong to ovate-elliptic, silvery beneath, up to 2½ in. long. Heads hemispherical, ab. 1/5 in. wide, ab. 15-flowered, in small terminal panicles. Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas). =V. plumbaginifolia= _Fenzl._ Herb, ab. 2 ft. high; stock woody. Leaves obovate-oblong or the upper linear, up to 1½ in. long. Heads campanulate, many-flowered, ⅓ in. across in much branched terminal cymes. Fung Prov. (Fazoghli); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: forest glades, Gir). =V. purpurea= _Sch. Bip._