The leaves are very pretty. There is a single small green leaflet, with
smooth round edges, at the end of a short stalk. Just below this little
leaflet there is a pair of tiny leaflets. And further down, where the
stalk joins the main stem, you will find still another little pair. So
that the name Trefoil, which means 'three leaves,' is not correct, as
there are really five small leaflets on each short stalk.
2. HOP TREFOIL
The Hop Trefoil is a cousin of the Birdsfoot Trefoil, and is quite as
plentiful. It grows all summer by the edge of the fields and in grassy
pastures.
You will easily recognise it by the flowers. These cluster together in
small round yellow heads like a tiny clover. In each head there are from
twenty to forty little flowers closely packed together. When you pick
one of these tiny flowers to pieces, you find that the petals are very
much the same as those of the Birdsfoot Trefoil. But they are so small
that you would require a magnifying glass to see them clearly, and to
discover the stamens and seed-vessels which are hidden inside.
When the flowers begin to fade, the petals do not fall off at once, but
they shrivel and become a pale-brown colour. Sometimes you find a flower
of which the lower half is quite brown and withered, while the upper
half remains golden yellow.
At the end of the flower-stalk you find a small oval green leaflet, and
close below this single leaflet comes a pair of dainty leaflets. On each
stalk there is always this triplet. The main stem is covered with fine
downy hairs, and you will notice that wherever a leaf-stalk joins this
stem there are two small green sheaths with points, which look as if
they were meant to cover the join.
3. LADY'S FINGERS
This showy plant grows abundantly all summer on dry banks and pastures.
You will easily recognise it by the large heads of pale yellow flowers
with their woolly sepals.
The flowers are grouped in two heads at the end of a stout stalk, and
there are usually ten to twenty separate flowers in each head. The
petals seem very similar to those of the Trefoils, but each petal ends
in a long claw, and these claws are hidden in the cup formed by the
sepals.
This calyx-cup is edged round the mouth with sharp teeth, and it is
covered with grey fluffy down. The grey down gives a woolly appearance
to the flowers.
You also find a frill of narrow green pointed leaves without stalks
underneath each head of flowers.
When the petals and stamens have fallen off, the yellow calyx-cup
becomes much swollen, and inside it there remains a small pod which
bears the seeds.
On the upper side the leaves are a delicate blue-green, with fine silky
hairs all over them. But underneath these leaves are much paler. Each
leaflet is long and narrow and is placed the one opposite the other on
the leaf-stalk, at the end of which there is always a solitary leaflet.
4. MEADOW VETCHLING
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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