_Present._ _Past._ _Past Participle._ Break Brack Brocken Bring Brong, and Brang Browte Brust (burst) Brast Brossen Cleed (clothe) Cleàd Cled Clim’ Clam Clim’t and Clum Cūm (come) Com Cum’t Cut Cot and Cuttit Cutten Drink Drunk Drucken and Drocken Drive Dreàv Druvven Fling Flang Flung Git (get) Gat Gitten Gi’e (give) Gev Gi’en Ga and Gang (go) Went Geàn Greet (weep) Grat Grūtten Hit Hat and Hot Hitten Ho’d (hold) Hodit Hodden Let Let Letten Kest (cast) Kest Kessen Knead Knod Knodden May May’d or Med Mun (must) Mūd Put Pot Putten Rive Reàv Ruvven Run Ron Run Rise Reùz Ruzzen Stick Stack Stuck and Stucken Set Set Setten Tak Tok and Teùk Tocken Thrust Thrustit Throssen Minced or modified oaths are remarkably numerous in Cumberland, and in very common use. Most of them have descended from the old Roman Catholic times when, as Dr. Newman in speaking of Roman Catholic populations of the present day, avers, habitual swearing indicated piety and reverence for things sacred, and not profaneness. As heard now in Cumberland, these ancient expletives are as void of piety as of profanity, being used without any knowledge of their original signification, and merely to add force to asseveration, and to express, as varied in tone, surprise, disgust, pleasure, or indeed almost any feeling or emotion whatever. I append a few of these with their probable, often obvious, etyma:— ’Scush or Skerse God’s curse Goy, and Goy Sonn God, and God’s Son Gock, and Gock Sonn Ibid. Ibid. ’Od’s wuns an’ deeth God’s wounds and death Loavin’ days Loving Jesus ’Od’s wintry wuns God’s sundry, or wondrous, wounds ’Od’s wyte leet on thee God’s blame fall on you ’Od rot, ’Od sink, etc., etc. See _Dickinson’s_ Glossary ’ Marry By Mary ’ Mess By the Mass Dār, Dy, and Dyne Damn Faix, and Faikins Faith Cock’s wunters God’s wonders Loze Lord My song My soul Deil bin Devil be in