[123] Poehlmann, _Die Uebervoelkerung d. Antiq. Grossstaedte_, 12. [124] Seeck, _Untergang der Antiq. Welt_, I, 258 ff., 278. [125] _Ibid._, Chap. III. [126] Gunkel, _Zum Religions-gesch. Verstaendniss d. N.T._, 19. [127] Seeck, I, 353. [128] _Ibid._, 364 ff. [129] _Hist. Nat._, VII, 41, 44, 46, 51, 56. [130] Euripides, _Antiope_, frag. 32. [131] Burckhardt, _Griech. Kulturgesch._, II, 375 ff. [132] _Ibid._, 391. [133] _Ibid._, 395. [134] _Ibid._, 397. [135] Beloch, _Bevoelkerung d. Griech.-Roem. Welt_, 157. [136] Polybius, XXVII, 9, 5; Seeck, _Untergang d. Antiq. Welt_, I, 325, 360. [137] Seeck, I, 355. [138] Seeck, II, Chap. IV; Beloch, _Griech. Gesch._, I, 226. [139] Burckhardt, _Griech. Kulturgesch._, I, 222, 237, 259, 273; II, 355, 367, 370. [140] Seeck, I, 337. [141] Burckhardt, I, 139 ff.; Beloch, _Griech. Gesch._, I, 283, 570; II, 362. [142] W. Rob. Smith, _Relig. of the Semites_, 260. [143] _Od._, XXII, 474 ff. [144] _Ibid._, 412. [145] _Iliad_, XXII, 395. [146] _Iliad_, XXIV, 51. [147] _Ibid._, XXIII, 164. [148] Herodotus, IX, 78. [149] Burckhardt, _Griech. Kulturgesch._, I, 327. [150] _Globus_, LXXV, 271. [151] Hubbard, _Smithson. Rep._, 1895, 673. [152] Herodotus, II, 41. [153] Burckhardt, _Griech. Kulturgesch._, I, 314. [154] Galton, _Inquiries into Human Faculty_, 216. [155] _Amer. Jo. Sociol._, VIII, 408. [156] Kingsley, _West African Studies_, 377. [157] _B. & M. Soc. d'Anthrop._, 1901, 362. [158] Portman, _Station Studies_, 78. [159] _Amer. Anthrop._, VI, 353, citing _Jo. Afr. Soc._, 1903, 208. [160] _Globus_, LXXXVII, 129. [161] Ashton, _Social Life in the Time of Queen Anne_, Chap. XLI. [162] _N.Y. Times_, September 19, 1904. [163] Symonds, _Catholic Reaction_, I, 144. [164] Stoll, _Suggestion und Hypnotismus_, 248. CHAPTER III THE STRUGGLE FOR EXISTENCE TOOLS, ARTS, LANGUAGE, MONEY