Oscawanna, an island so called, lying a short distance south of Cruger's Station on N. Y. Central R. R., Hudson River Division, is of record, in 1690, _Wuscawanus._ (Doc. Hist. N. Y., ii, 237.) It seems to have been from the name of a sachem, otherwise known as Weskora, Weskheun, Weskomen, in 1685. _Wuski,_ Len., "New, young;" _Wuske'éne_ Williams, "A youth." [Illustration: SOUTHERN GATEWAY OF THE HIGHLANDS] Shildrake, or Sheldrake, given as the name of Furnace Brook, takes that name from an extended forest known in local records as "The Furnace Woods." By exchange of _l_ and _n,_ it is probably from _Schind,_ "Spruce-pine" (Zeisb.); _aki,_ "Land" or place. _Schindikeu,_ "Spruce forest" ("Hemlock woods," Anthony). (See Shinnec'ock.) Furnace Brook takes that name from an ancient furnace on its bank. In 1734 it was known as "The old-mill stream." _Jamawissa,_ quoted as its Indian name, seems to be an aspirated form of _Tamaquese,_ "Small beaver." (See Jamaica.) Sing-Sing--Sinsing, Van der Donck; _Sintsing,_ treaty of 1645--usually translated, "At the standing-stone," and "Stone upon stone," means "At the small stones," or "Place of small stones"--from _assin_ "stone;" _is,_ diminutive, and _ing,_ locative. _Ossinsing,_ the name of the town, has the same meaning; also, Sink-sink, L. I., ind Assinising, Chemung County. The interpretation is literally sustained in the locative on the Hudson. Tuckahoe, town of East Chester, is from _Ptuckweōō,_ "It is round." It was the name of a bulbous root which was used by the Indians for food and for making bread, or round loaves. (See Tuckahoe, L. I.)