Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great Britain — John Shaqi
Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great BritainRuskin, John
General
Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great Britain
Ruskin, John
Aesthetics; Conduct of life; Great Britain -- Social conditions -- 19th century; Social problems; Working class -- Great Britain
That it is an indisputably living
and venomous creature, materially, has been the marvel of the world,
innocent and guilty, not knowing what to think of the terrible worm;
nor whether to worship it, as the Rod of their lawgiver, or to abhor
it as the visible symbol of the everlasting Disobedience.
Touching which mystery, you must learn one or two main facts.
The word 'Dragon,' means "the Seeing Creature," and I believe
the Greeks had the same notion in their other word for a serpent,
"ophis." There were many other creeping, and crawling, and rampant
things; the olive stem and the ivy were serpentine enough, blindly;
but here was a creeping thing that saw!
The action of the cobra, with its lifted and levelled head, and
the watchfulness of the coiled viper impressed the Egyptians and
Greeks intensely. To the Egyptian the serpent was awful and sacred,
and became the ornament on the front of the King's diadems (though
an evil spirit also, when not erect). The Greeks never could make up
their minds about it. All human life seems to them as the story of
Laocoon. The fiery serpents slay us for our wisdom and fidelity;--then
writhe themselves into rest at the feet of the Gods.
The Egyptians were at the same pause as to their Nile Dragon, for
whom I told you they built their labyrinth. "For in the eyes of
some of the Egyptians, the crocodiles are sacred; but by others they
are held for enemies. And it is they who dwell by the Lake Moeris,
who think them greatly sacred. Every one of these lake people has
care of his own crocodile, taught to be obedient to the lifting of
finger. And they put jewels of enamel and gold into their ears, and
bracelets on their forefeet, and feed them with the sacred shew-bread
daily, and attend upon them, that they may live beautiful lives; and,
when they die, bury them, embalmed, in holy tombs." (Thus religion,
as a pious friend, I observe, writes in a Devonshire paper the other
day, leads to the love of Nature!) "But they of the city Elephantine
eat their crocodiles, holding them nowise sacred. Neither do they
call them crocodiles, but champsæ; it is the Ionians who call them
"crocodiles," because they think them like the little crocodiles that
live in the dry stone walls."
I do not know if children generally have strong associative fancy
about words; but when I was a child, that word "Crocodile" always
seemed to me very terrific, and I would even hastily, in any book,
turn a leaf in which it was printed with a capital C. If anybody had
but told me the meaning of it--"a creature that is afraid of crocuses!"
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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