Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great BritainRuskin, John
General
Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great Britain
Ruskin, John
Aesthetics; Conduct of life; Great Britain -- Social conditions -- 19th century; Social problems; Working class -- Great Britain
Perhaps not beasts of God's making; but how many acres of good land do
you suppose, then, you do give up, as it is, to keep beasts He never
made,--never meant to be made,--the beasts you make of yourselves?
Do you know how much corn land in the United Kingdom is occupied in
supplying you with the means of getting drunk?
Mind, I am no temperance man. You should all have as much beer
and alcohol as was good for you if I had my way. But the beer and
alcohol which are not good for you,--which are the ruin of so many
of you, suppose you could keep the wages you spend in that liquor
in the savings bank, and left the land, now tilled to grow it for
you, to natural and sober beasts?--Do you think it would be false
economy?--Why, you might have a working men's park for nothing, in
every county, bigger than the Queen's! and your own homes all the
more comfortable.
I had no notion myself, till the other day, what the facts were, in
this matter. Get, if you can, Professor Kirk's 'Social Politics,'
(Hamilton, Adams, and Co.,) and read, for a beginning, his 21st
chapter, on land and liquor; and then, as you have leisure, all the
book, carefully. Not that he would help me out with my park plan;
he writes with the simple idea that the one end of humanity is to
eat and drink; and it is interesting to see a Scotch Professor
thinking the lakes of his country were made to be 'Reservoirs,'
and particularly instancing the satisfaction of thirsty Glasgow out
of Loch Katrine; so that, henceforward, it will be proper in Scotch
economical circles not to speak of the Lady of the Lake, but of the
Lady of the Reservoir. Still, assuming that to eat and drink is the
end of life, the Professor shows you clearly how much better this
end may be accomplished than it is now. And the broad fact which he
brings out concerning your drink is this; that about one million five
hundred thousand acres of land in the United Kingdom are occupied in
producing strong liquor (and I don't see that he has included in this
estimate what is under the wicked weeds of Kent; it is curious what
difficulty people always seem to have in putting anything accurately
into short statement). The produce of this land, which is more than all
the arable for bread in Scotland, after being manufactured into drink,
is sold to you at the rates,--the spirits, of twenty-seven shillings
and sixpence for two shillings' worth; and the beer, of two shillings
for threepence-halfpenny worth. The sum you spend in these articles,
and in tobacco, annually, is ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY-SIX MILLIONS OF
POUNDS; on which the pure profit of the richer classes, (putting the
lower alehouse gains aside) is, roughly, a hundred millions. That
is the way the rich Christian Englishman provides against the Day of
Judgment, expecting to hear his Master say to him, "I was thirsty--and
ye gave me drink--Two shillings' worth for twenty-seven and sixpence."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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