Fors Clavigera (Volume 4 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great Britain — John Shaqi
Fors Clavigera (Volume 4 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great BritainRuskin, John
General
Fors Clavigera (Volume 4 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great Britain
Ruskin, John
Aesthetics; Conduct of life; Great Britain -- Social conditions -- 19th century; Social problems; Working class -- Great Britain
“Well, you ask if the dalesmen of Yorkshire rise to a vivid state
of contented life and love of the pretty things of heaven and
earth. They have a rough outside, at times hard to penetrate; but
when you do, there is a warm heart, but not much culture, although
a keen value of manly education, and their duty to God and man.
Apart from the vanities of the so-called ‘higher education,’ their
calling is mostly out of doors, in company with sheep and cattle;
the philosophy of their minds often worthy of the Shepherd
Lord,—not much sight for the beauties of Nature beyond its uses. I
CAN say their tastes are not low nor degraded by literature of the
daily press, etc. I have known them for twenty years, have stood
for hours beside them at work, building or draining, and I never
heard one foul or coarse word. In sickness, both man and woman are
devoted. They have, too, a reverence for social order and ‘Divine
Law,’—familiar without familiarity. This even pervades their own
class or sub-classes;—for instance, although farmers and their
families, and workpeople and servants, all sit at the same table,
it is a rare thing for a labourer to presume to ask in marriage a
farmer’s daughter. Their respect to landlords is equally shown. As
a specimen of their politics, I may instance this;—to a man at the
county election they voted for Stuart Wortley, ‘because he bore a
well-known Yorkshire name, and had the blood of a gentleman.’
“As to hardships, I see none beyond those incident to their
calling, in snow-storms, etc. You never see a child unshod or
ill-clad. Very rarely do they allow a relative to receive aid from
the parish.
“I tried a reading club for winter evenings, but found they liked
their own fireside better. Happily, there is, in my part, no
public-house within six miles; still I must say drink is the vice
of some. In winter they have much leisure time, in which there is a
good deal of card-playing. Still some like reading; and we have
among them now a fair lot of books, mostly from the Pure Literature
Society. They are proud and independent, and, as you say, must be
dealt with cautiously. Everywhere I see much might be done. Yet on
the whole, when compared with the town life of men, one sees little
to amend. There is a pleasant and curious combination of work.
Mostly all workmen,—builders (i.e. wallers), carpenters, smiths,
etc.,—work a little farm as well as follow their own craft; this
gives wholesome occupation as well as independence, and almost
realizes Sir T. More’s Utopian plan. There is contented life of
men, women, and children,—happy in their work and joyful in
prospect: what could one desire further, if each be full according
to his capacity and refinement?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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