Fort Robinson: Outpost on the PlainsGrange, Roger T.
History
Fort Robinson: Outpost on the Plains
Grange, Roger T.
Fort Robinson (Neb.); Indians of North America -- Wars -- 1866-1895
On February 9, the same day Frank Appleton was shot, the Army at Fort
Laramie experienced losses at the hands of hostiles from Red Cloud
Agency when a large war party ambushed Lt. Levi H. Robinson, Corporal
Coleman, and Private Noll. The three men had separated themselves from a
wood train and were attacked on Little Cottonwood Creek some twelve
miles east of Laramie Peak. Lieutenant Robinson and Corporal Coleman
were killed, but Private Noll managed to escape from the forty to fifty
hostile warriors.
J. W. Dear, the agency trader, reported the situation at the agency to
Colonel Smith, commander at Fort Laramie, and to Mr. Unthank, a personal
friend and the telegrapher at Fort Laramie. Dear said that the Indians
were all going about with guns loaded and bows strung, and even he dared
not go outdoors at night. The hostiles had established a war camp called
Soldiers Lodge up on the Powder River, and Sioux warriors were reported
raiding in every direction. It was clear that Red Cloud Agency had
become a virtual powder keg.
While Saville told Colonel Smith that he did not expect any more
trouble, he had taken steps to protect the agency. He had his men
complete the construction of the stockade and move the steam sawmill
inside to prevent its destruction. He also arranged for sufficient arms
for his men to protect the agency, and a group of Indian policemen led
by Pumpkin Seed was organized to help.
THE SIOUX EXPEDITION
Very shortly after Frank Appleton’s death, Agent Saville requested that
troops be sent to Red Cloud Agency, but his communications, sent to
Colonel Smith at Fort Laramie, were contradictory ones. He told Colonel
Smith that Crazy Horse had declared for war. Saville also told the
Colonel that although some of the hostiles were leaving and all was
quiet at the agency he wanted to have troops to protect the agency and
its personnel because affairs among the Sioux were too complex to trust
the Indians for protection. He suggested that because of the departure
of the hostiles it was a good time to get troops to the agency without
trouble but cautioned the Colonel to send a force sufficient to deal
with an estimated 2,000 warriors. The agent detailed a plan of march by
which he thought the military column could avoid detection by the
Indians. However, he admitted that Indian scouts were stationed all
along the Platte.
A request for troops to be stationed at the agency was an admission of
the failure of the Peace Policy. Saville’s reluctance to ask for help
was apparently overcome by his alarm over the serious troubles at the
agency. His action was later investigated and approved by Bishop Hare.
The Sioux Expedition was organized by the Army in response to Saville’s
request for troops. The arrival of the troops at the agency was delayed
by the intense cold, but the tension there had eased enough that
officers, as well as Saville himself, felt that they could hold out
until the soldiers arrived.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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