Fort Robinson: Outpost on the PlainsGrange, Roger T.
History
Fort Robinson: Outpost on the Plains
Grange, Roger T.
Fort Robinson (Neb.); Indians of North America -- Wars -- 1866-1895
Difficulties continued at Red Cloud. Interpreter Rowland, who had
delivered Saville’s message calling for troops, attempted to conceal his
part in the arrival of the Sioux Expedition but was unable to do so. A
Cheyenne, Crawls in the Water, attempted to shoot Rowland but was
himself killed. Rowland fled to the military camp for protection, and
agency employees rescued his wife and children while the hostiles burned
his house and haystack.
The young warriors amused themselves by shooting over the military tents
and Colonel Smith warned that he would attack the Indian village if any
of his men were injured. Troops from Camp Robinson generally carried
arms, and the daily wood train was under heavy escort.
Gradually the Indians became more reconciled to the presence of troops,
and when the annual Sun Dance was held at Red Cloud in the early summer,
Lieutenant Carter was able to arrange for J. Tavernier, a French artist
employed by _Harper’s Weekly_, to attend the dance. Unfortunately,
lightning struck the sacred pole during the height of the ceremonies.
This was interpreted by the Indians as supernatural disapproval of their
visitors, and the artist and officer hastily left the scene.
The infantry at Camp Robinson had their camp alongside the agency
stockade while Lt. Emmet Crawford’s troop of Third Cavalry camped a
short distance away in the bottomlands of the White River. By spring it
was evident that the location of Camp Robinson in close proximity to Red
Cloud Agency was not an ideal arrangement. Daily contact invited
friction between soldiers and Indian warriors, but an even more serious
problem was the lack of sufficient grass for the cavalry horses. When
warm weather made the rotting refuse of butchered issue beef “difficult
to bear” the need for relocating the encampment became critical. In May
1874 Colonel Smith moved Camp Robinson a mile and a half west of the
agency; there near the confluence of Soldier Creek and the White River
the permanent post was later built. The troops remained in tents
throughout the first summer.
Soon after Camp Robinson was moved to its new site the Indian warriors
made an attack on the military encampment. This very serious affair
occurred as the result of the arrest of an escaped convict, Toussaint
Kenssler, by Lieutenants Crawford and Ray at Red Cloud Agency. Kenssler
had escaped from a jail in Wyoming Territory and hidden among his Indian
friends. While at Red Cloud he threatened the agent, his employees, and
the Army officer who had originally arrested him. He attempted to
assault a man who had been a witness during his trial and on one
occasion delayed the Camp Robinson mail carrier for several hours. When
the officers identified Kenssler they tried to apprehend him. He
attempted to escape and Lieutenant Ray shot him through the legs. This
action incensed many of the Indians and the two officers experienced
some tense moments before they got their prisoner safely from the agency
to Camp Robinson.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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