The list of Mesozoic specimens resembling _Cordaites_ leaves might be extended. Apart from some Triassic and Rhaetic examples which may well be Cordaitalean, there are many others which, though similar in form and venation to _Cordaites_, are in all probability more closely related to _Agathis_ and other genera; the species _Dammarites Bayeri_ recently described by Zeiller[750] from the Upper Cretaceous of Bulgaria is a case in point. The Araucarian character of the wood of _Cordaites_ precludes any satisfactory discrimination between Mesozoic Araucarian stems and those of Cordaitalean species, at least in the case of such material as is usually available. =Titanophyllum.= Renault. _Titanophyllum Grand’Euryi_ Renault. The remarkable leaves on which this genus and species are founded[751] were discovered in the Commentry coalfield; they occur as detached specimens and cannot be correlated with any known stem. Renault suggests that the Autun stems referred to _Colpoxylon_ may have borne the _Titanophyllum_ leaves, but this correlation rests only on the dimensions of the stems and the occurrence of transversely elongated scars on the surface. The lamina is thick and coriaceous, 70–75 cm. long and 20–25 cm. in breadth; the veins are parallel but not branched; numerous longitudinal striations on the upper surface indicate the presence of hypodermal stereome-strands; stomata are abundant on the lower surface and the more or less rectangular cells in the neighbourhood of the stomata appear to be papillose (fig. 485, A, B). The distal region of the lamina is often torn into strips (fig. 485, A); the approximately rectangular leaf has a broad elliptical base 9–10 × 3–4 cm. [Illustration: Fig. 485. _Titanophyllum Grand’Euryi._ A, leaves ¹⁄₃₀ nat. size; B, stomata on the lower surface of the lamina. (After Renault and Zeiller.)] Dr White[752] describes a specimen from the Lower Coal Measures of Missouri as ? _Titanophyllum Brittsii_ which he speaks of as the thick base of a leaf similar to that described by Renault but, as White says, no formal diagnosis is possible without more satisfactory material. Such evidence as is available suggests that _Titanophyllum_ is a type of Cordaitalean leaf probably closely allied to _Cordaites_. CHAPTER XXXIV. CORDAITALES. C. =PITYEAE.= =Pitys=. Witham.