Civil disobedience -- India; India -- Politics and government -- 1919-1947
The principle for which the revolution of 1688 stood was triumphantly
vindicated in the celebrated case of Dr. Sacheverell. In the course of a
sermon which he had preached, he gave expression to the following
sentiment. "The grand security of our Government and the very pillar upon
which it stands is founded upon the steady belief of the subjects'
obligation to an absolute and unconditional obedience to the supreme power
in all things lawful and the utter illegality of resistance on any
pretence whatsoever." This is the doctrine of passive obedience and
non-resistance the doctrine of law and order, which is proclaimed to-day
by every bureaucrat in the country, foreign or domestic and which is
supposed to be the last word on the subjects' duty and Government's
rights. But mark how they solved the problem in England in 1710. The
Commons impeached Dr. Sacheverell giving expression to a view so
destructive of individual liberty and the Lords by a majority of votes
found him guilty. The speeches delivered in the course of the trial are
interesting. I desire to quote a few sentences from some of those
speeches. Sir Joseph Jekyll in the course of his speech said, "that as
the Law is the only measure of the Princes' authority and the peoples'
subjection, so the law derives its being and efficacy from common consent;
and to place it on any other foundation than common consent is to take
away the obligation." This notion of common consent puts both prince and
people under, to observe the laws.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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