Froebel as a pioneer in modern psychologyMurray, E. R. (Elsie Riach)
Science
Froebel as a pioneer in modern psychology
Murray, E. R. (Elsie Riach)
Fröbel, Friedrich, 1782-1852; Psychology
“I am firmly convinced that all the phenomena of the child
world, those which delight us, as well as those which grieve
us, depend upon fixed laws as definite as those of the
cosmos, the planetary system and the operations of Nature; it
is therefore possible to discover them and examine them. When
once we know and have assimilated these laws, we shall be able
powerfully to counteract any retrograde and faulty tendencies
in children, and to encourage, at the same time, all that is
good and virtuous.”--_L., p. 91._
Nor was Froebel in any doubt as to how these laws are to be discovered,
and his order of investigation is very similar to that prescribed by
Professor Stout. The latter, though regarding genetic psychology as
“the most important and most interesting,” considers that it should
be preceded by:--1, A general analysis of consciousness, analytic and
largely introspective; 2, An investigation of the laws of mental process,
“analytic also, inasmuch as we endeavour to ascertain the general laws of
mental process by analysis of the fully developed mind.”
Froebel, too, regards the analytic as a necessary preparation for the
genetic, and says that parents and teachers, who wish to supply the needs
of the child at different stages of development:
“are to consider life _firstly_ through looking into
themselves, into the course of their own development, its
phenomena and its claims--through the retrospection (Rückblick)
of the earliest possible years of their own lives, and also
the introspection (Einblick) of their present lives, that
their own experience may furnish a key to the problem of the
child’s condition (den Zustand des Kindes in sich zu lösen).
_Secondly_, by the deepest possible search into the life of the
child, and into what he must necessarily require according to
his present stage of development.”--_P., p. 168._
Professor Stout adds later that anthropology and philology may ultimately
yield results as important as those yielded by physiology. Froebel could
have no idea of the physiological parallel to mental process, but he did
not omit the anthropological inquiry, for in another passage he enlarges
his first point, declaring that:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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