Froebel as a pioneer in modern psychology — John Shaqi
Froebel as a pioneer in modern psychologyMurray, E. R. (Elsie Riach)
Science
Froebel as a pioneer in modern psychology
Murray, E. R. (Elsie Riach)
Fröbel, Friedrich, 1782-1852; Psychology
Froebel made these requests, as he made his own observations, as the
result of the conviction with which he declares himself “thoroughly
penetrated,”
“that the movements of the young and delicate mind of the
child, although as yet so small as to be almost unnoticeable,
are of the most essential consequence to his future
life.”--_P., p. 53._
“Why do we observe the child less than the germ of a plant? Is
it to be supposed that in the child, the capacity to become
a complete human being is contained less than in the acorn
is contained the capacity to become a strong, vigorous and
complete oak?”--_P., p. 62._
“We cannot pass over unmentioned the fact, essential for
the whole life of the child, for the whole course of his
development, that phenomena and impressions which seem to us
insignificant, and which we generally leave unnoticed, have for
the child, and especially for his inner world, most important
results, since the child develops more through what seems to
us small and imperceptible, than through what appears to us
large and striking … hence--wholly contrary to prevailing
opinion--nowhere is consideration of that which is small and
insignificant of more importance than in the nursery.”--_P., p.
125._
Professor Dewey, one of the few important educational writers who do
justice to Froebel as a pioneer, gives as a general summary of his
educational principles:
“1. That the primary business of school is to train children in
co-operative and mutually helpful living; to foster in them the
consciousness of mutual interdependence, and to help them practically in
making the adjustments that will carry this spirit into overt deeds.
“2. That the primary root of all educative activity is in the
instinctive, impulsive attitudes and activities of the child, and
not in the presentation and application of external material, whether
through the ideas of others or through the senses; and that, accordingly,
numberless spontaneous activities of children, plays, games, mimic
efforts, even the apparently meaningless motions of infants--exhibitions
previously ignored as trivial, futile, or even condemned as positively
evil--are capable of educational use, nay, are the foundation-stones of
educational effort.
“3. That these individual tendencies and activities are organized and
directed through the uses made of them in keeping up the co-operative
living already spoken of; taking advantage of them to reproduce on the
child’s plane the typical doings and occupations of the larger maturer
society into which he is finally to go forth; and that it is through
production and creative use that valuable knowledge is secured and
clinched.”[3]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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