From an Easy ChairLankester, E. Ray (Edwin Ray), Sir
History
From an Easy Chair
Lankester, E. Ray (Edwin Ray), Sir
Natural history; Science
A correspondent lately described in a letter to a London newspaper
what he believed to have been “a luminous owl,” which was seen flying
about at night in Norfolk. He mentioned the well-known fact that the
dense greasy patch of feathers on the breast of the heron is said to
be luminous by many trustworthy observers. It is very probable that
it was some carnivorous or fish-eating bird, which was thus seen in a
luminous condition at night. The occurrence is much more in accordance
with known facts than most people would suppose to be the case.
Light, even strong light, is produced by many natural objects without
the accompaniment of heat. We usually expect not merely fire where
there is smoke, but heat--in fact, great heat, where there is light
or flame. Yet there are many instances to the contrary, and the word
“phosphorescence” is used to indicate a production of light without
heat in reference to the fact that phosphorus is luminous, even when
covered with water, although no appreciable heat accompanies the light
such as we are accustomed to observe in ordinary “combustion” or
burning.
There is more than one kind of phosphorescence. We separate the
phosphorescence which is due to the oxidation of peculiar fatty matters
in the bodies of plants and of animals (such as glow-worms) from that
which is caused by the breaking or heating of crystals (white arsenic
and apatite), or by longer or shorter exposure to the sun’s rays
(luminous paint), or by radio-activity, or by electrical discharges in
vacuum tubes.
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