upon the same gouty swellings of the branches, in clavate or horn-shaped gelatinous processes of a yellowish or orange colour. Anomalous as it may at first sight appear to include these tremelloid forms with the dust-like fungi, their relations will on closer examination be more fully appreciated, when the form of pseudospores, mode of germination, and other features are taken into consideration, especially when compared with _Podisoma Ellisii_, already alluded to. This family is technically characterized as,-- _Distinct hymenium none. Pseudospores either solitary or concatenate, produced on the tips of generally short threads, which are either naked or contained in a perithecium, rarely compacted into a gelatinous mass, at length producing minute spores_ = CONIOMYCETES. The last family of the sporifera is _Hyphomycetes_, in which the threads are conspicuously developed. These are what are more commonly called "moulds," including some of the most elegant and delicate of microscopic forms. It is true of many of these, as well as of the _Coniomycetes_, that they are only conidial forms of higher fungi; but there will remain a very large number of species which, as far as present knowledge extends, must be accepted as autonomous. In this family, we may again recognize three subdivisions, in one of which the threads are more or less compacted into a common stem, in another the threads are free, and in the third the threads can scarcely be distinguished from the mycelium. It is this latter group which unites the _Hyphomycetes_ with the _Coniomycetes_, the affinities being increased by the great profusion with which the spores are developed. The first group, in which the fertile threads are united so as to form a compound stem, consists of two small orders, the _Isariacei_ and the _Stilbacei_, in the former of which the spores are dry, and in the latter somewhat gelatinous. Many of the species closely imitate forms met with in the _Hymenomycetes_, such as _Clavaria_; and, in the genus _Isaria_, it is almost beyond doubt that the species found on dead insects, moths, spiders, flies, ants, &c., are merely the conidiophores of species of _Torrubia_.[O]