General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 1 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 1 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
By nutrition the particles of the matter of inanimate bodies pass into
living bodies, and vice versa; and we can evidently conceive that this
matter has been endowed through an immense series of ages with physical
properties. These properties are given to it at the creation, and will
leave it only when the world shall end. This matter, in passing into
living bodies, in the space that separates these two epochs, a space
that immensity only can bound, this matter, I say, becomes possessed,
at intervals, of vital properties, which are then united to physical
properties. Here, then, is a great difference in matter, with regard to
these two kinds of properties; one it enjoys by intermissions only, the
other it possesses constantly.
I could add many other considerations, that would still further
establish the difference between the physical and vital laws, and
consequently between the physical and vital phenomena, and as a
consequence from these, the difference of the general character and
methods of the physical and physiological sciences. I could show, that
inert bodies are formed at hazard, by juxta-position or a combination
of their particles, while living bodies, on the contrary, exist in
consequence of a certain function, viz. generation; that the first
increase in the same manner as they are formed, by juxta-position or
the combination of new particles; the others by an internal movement
of assimilation, which requires different preliminary functions;
these constantly experiencing composition and decomposition; those
remaining always internally in the same condition, undergo no other
modifications than such as are derived from chance and the physical
laws. The existence of inert bodies ceases as it commenced, by
mechanical laws, by friction, or by new combinations; living bodies
afford in their natural destruction, a phenomenon as uniform as in
their production; they pass suddenly to a new state when life abandons
them, and undergo putrefaction, desiccation, &c. which they did not
before, because the physical properties being restrained by the vital,
could not produce these phenomena; inert bodies, on the other hand,
always preserve the same modifications. Though a stone or a metal, when
broken or dissolved, ceases to exist, their particles will always be
the same. But some authors have already presented a great part of this
parallel; let us content ourselves with drawing from it a consequence
often deduced from other facts, I mean the difference of the laws that
preside over the two classes of functions.
But there is an essential difference between vital and physical
properties; I refer to sympathies.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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