GENERAL ANATOMY, APPLIED TO PHYSIOLOGY AND MEDICINE; BY XAVIER BICHAT, PHYSICIAN OF THE GREAT HOSPITAL OF HUMANITY AT PARIS, AND PROFESSOR OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. Translated from the French. BY GEORGE HAYWARD, M.D. FELLOW OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES, AND OF THE MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOCIETY. _IN THREE VOLUMES._ VOLUME II. _BOSTON_: PUBLISHED BY RICHARDSON AND LORD. J. H. A. FROST, PRINTER. 1822. DISTRICT OF MASSACHUSETTS, _to wit_: DISTRICT CLERK'S OFFICE. BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the seventeenth day of April, A.D. 1822, in the forty-sixth year of the Independence of the United States of America, _Richardson & Lord_, of the said District, have deposited in this office the title of a book, the right whereof they claim as proprietors, in the words following, _to wit_: "General Anatomy, applied to Physiology and Medicine; by Xavier Bichat, Physician of the Great Hospital of Humanity at Paris, and Professor of Anatomy and Physiology. Translated from the French, by George Hayward, M. D. Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and of the Massachusetts Medical Society. In three Volumes. Volume II." In conformity to the Act of the Congress of the United States, entitled, "An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by securing the Copies of Maps, Charts and Books, to the Authors and Proprietors of such Copies, during the times therein mentioned:" and also to an Act entitled, "An Act supplementary to an Act, entitled, An Act for the encouragement of Learning, by securing the Copies of Maps, Charts and Books, to the Authors and Proprietors of such Copies during the times therein mentioned; and extending the Benefits thereof to the Arts of Designing, Engraving and Etching Historical and other Prints." JOHN W. DAVIS, _Clerk of the District of Massachusetts._ CAPILLARY SYSTEMS. The two great vascular systems, with red and black blood arise and terminate, as we have said, in the capillaries, which form in the lungs, as in all the other parts the limits that separate them, and in which they are changed from one to the other. There are then evidently two capillary systems distinct from each other, and which are even opposite. One, generally spread throughout the body, is the seat of the change of red blood into black. The other, confined wholly to the lungs, exhibits an opposite phenomenon; it is in its divisions that the black blood becomes red.