General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 3 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 3 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
repercussion of fluids.
The trembling of which the voluntary muscles become the seat, the
debility of the pulse which the weakness of the action of the heart
produces, &c. are phenomena which the influence of the skin affected by
cold alone causes. In fact, only this organ, the commencement of the
mucous surfaces and all of that of the bronchia, are made cold by the
external air; all the others remain at their usual temperature.
We know the innumerable phenomena which arise from the disappearance of
herpes, the itch, &c. imprudently produced; in all these cases it does
not appear that the morbific matter is carried to the other organs,
though I do not pretend that this never happens. It is the vital forces
of these which are raised and which then occasion different accidents;
now as these forces vary in each system, these accidents will be
essentially different; thus the same morbific cause disappearing from
the skin, will produce vomiting if thrown upon the stomach, in which
the sensible organic contractility predominates; pains, if it goes to
the nerves which are especially characterized by animal sensibility;
derangements of sight, hearing and smell, if it affects the respective
viscera of these senses; hemorrhage, catarrhs, phthisis, tubercular
inflammation, &c. if it attacks the mucous surfaces, the lungs, the
serous membranes, &c. in which the organic sensibility is much raised.
Now, if the same morbific matter carried upon these different organs,
produced these accidents, they ought to be uniform. Do not their
varieties, and especially the constant analogy which they have with the
predominant vital forces of the organs in which they appear, prove,
that they depend upon the cause which I have pointed out?
We know that the serous surfaces and the cellular texture on the one
part, and the skin on the other, are often in opposition in diseases.
There is no sweat when dropsies are formed; the dryness of the skin is
often even more remarkable than the small quantity of urine, &c.
3d. When the cellular texture contained in the dermoid spaces is
inflamed, as in phlegmonous inflammation, in biles, in some malignant
pustules, &c. there comes on many sympathies which can be referred to
those of the general cellular system, which have been already noticed.
4th. The affections of the chorion itself, all marked with a chronic
character, on account of the kind of vitality and structure of this
portion of the skin, occasion also sympathies which have the same
chronic character, but of which we know but little.
The organic contractility cannot be put sympathetically in action in
the skin, as it does not exist there.
_Characters of the Vital Properties. First Character. The Cutaneous
Life varies in each organ._
Though we have spoken in general of the vital properties of the skin,
they are far from being uniform or at the same degree in all the
regions.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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