General Anthony Wayne's Expedition into the Indian Country — John Shaqi
General Anthony Wayne's Expedition into the Indian CountryPublic Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County
History
General Anthony Wayne's Expedition into the Indian Country
Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County
Wayne's Campaign, 1794; Wayne, Anthony, 1745-1796
Anthony Wayne, born in 1745, left his business as the leading American
tanner in 1775 to join the Pennsylvania line. He served through the
American Revolution with the rank of Brigadier-General and was our
leading hand-to-hand fighter. He was engaged in the battles of Trois
Rivieres, Paoli, Brandywine, Germantown, Monmouth and Green Springs; was
commandant at Ticonderoga; led the surprise attack on Stony Point; was
actively engaged in the campaign of Yorktown; and commanded the American
army in the Georgia campaign against the Indians. He was wounded a
number of times in battle. Likewise he suffered as did more than 5,000
other Americans at Valley Forge.
General Wayne proceeded westward toward Pittsburgh in the spring and
summer of 1792. There he was commissioned to recruit and organize an
American army. Some twenty-three miles from Pittsburgh at Legionville he
drilled his forces and taught them the use of the sabre, pistol,
bayonet, and espontoon. On April 30, 1793, his army embarked down the
Ohio for Fort Washington, now Cincinnati, where they arrived on May 8,
1793. Outside that village of 1,100 persons he established headquarters
at a point which he called Hobson’s Choice.
General Wayne continued to recruit additional forces and to drill his
men. By early fall the American forces seemed ready to meet the enemy,
and on October 7, 1793 General Wayne led his army northward into the
Indian country toward Kekionga. He rehabilitated the American forts
previously established at Hamilton (Fort Hamilton) and at Eaton (Fort
St. Clair) and advanced to Fort Jefferson six miles south of Greenville,
Ohio. Thence he advanced as far northward as the present site of
Greenville, on November 6, 1793. Wayne was now only a few miles from the
site where St. Clair was defeated two years previously. On December 24,
1793, he began the building of a fort at that point which he called Fort
Recovery. The Indians had made many attempts to surprise and ambush
Wayne’s forces but always found them well-guarded and invincible. From
this circumstance the Indians referred to Wayne as “the chief who never
sleeps”.
Wayne left a strong garrison at Fort Recovery and then returned to Fort
Green. In the spring of 1794 overwhelming Indian forces under Little
Turtle, Buckongehelas, Blue Jacket, and others made a surprise attack on
Fort Recovery. They killed a number of Americans and stole several
horses. However, the fortifications held, and Fort Recovery remained in
American hands. After a great feast on horse meat the Indians retired,
and many of them returned to their homes at a distance. This for them
was a tactical defeat, for many warriors did not return to the conflict.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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