Geometrical Solutions Derived from Mechanics; a Treatise of ArchimedesArchimedes
History
Geometrical Solutions Derived from Mechanics; a Treatise of Archimedes
Archimedes
Geometry -- Early works to 1800
straight line is drawn in the parabola $\| \beta\gamma$ and on this
line last drawn a plane is constructed perpendicular to
$\alpha\delta$, the circle formed in the segment of the right conoid
will in its present position be in equilibrium at the point $\alpha$
with the circle formed in the cone, if the latter is transferred and
so arranged on the scale-beam at $\theta$ that $\theta$ is its center
of gravity. Therefore if the segment and the cone are filled up with
circles, all circles in the segment will be in their present positions
in equilibrium at the point $\alpha$ with all circles of the cone if
the latter are transferred and so arranged on the scale-beam at the
point $\theta$ that $\theta$ is their center of gravity. Therefore
also the segment of the right conoid in its present position will be
in equilibrium at the point $\alpha$ with the cone if it is
transferred and so arranged on the scale-beam at $\theta$ that
$\theta$ is its center of gravity. Now because the center of gravity
of both magnitudes taken together is $\alpha$, but that of the cone
alone when its position is changed is $\theta$, then the center of
gravity of the remaining magnitude lies on $\alpha\theta$ extended
towards $\alpha$ if $\alpha\kappa$ is cut off in such a way that
$\alpha\theta : \alpha\kappa$ = segment : cone. But the segment is one
and one half the size of the cone, consequently $\alpha\theta =
\frac{3}{2}\alpha\kappa$ and $\kappa$, the center of gravity of the
right conoid, so divides $\alpha\delta$ that the portion at the vertex
of the segment is twice as large as the remainder.
\section*{Proposition VI}
[The center of gravity of a hemisphere is so divided on its axis] that
the portion near the surface of the hemisphere is in the ratio of $5 :
3$ to the remaining portion.
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