Ladling, gathering, and casting--Limitations of ladling-- Ladling used for rolled glass, gathering for blown glass--Rolling of glass--Blowing processes and operations--Use of moulds--Pressing--Moulding _p._ 84 CHAPTER VII. BOTTLE GLASS. Raw materials--Furnaces--Predominance of tank furnaces-- Process of blowing bottles by hand--Gathering, marvering, blowing--Use of fire-clay and metal moulds-- Formation of neck--Improved appliances, moulds and tools--Manufacture of bottles by machinery--The “Boucher” bottle-blowing machine--Annealing of bottles-- Large bottles, carboys--Aids to the blower--Sievert’s process--Large shallow vessels, bath-tubs _p._ 95 CHAPTER VIII. BLOWN AND PRESSED GLASS. Raw materials--Bohemian glass and flint glass--Gathering and blowing--Chair work--Hand work--Production of tumblers by hand--Application of coloured glass to blown articles--Use of moulds as aids to blowing--Roughening effect of moulds--Fire-polishing by reheating--Use of compressed air--Pressed glass--Moulds and presses-- Capacity and limitations of pressing process _p._ 108 CHAPTER IX. ROLLED OR PLATE GLASS. Rolled plate glass--Furnaces--Raw materials--Process of ladling--The rolling table--Annealing--Cutting and sorting--Patterns on rolled plate--“Figured” rolled plate--Machine used for double-rolling--Polished plate--Raw materials--Casting from melting pots-- Special casting pots--The rolling table--Importance of flatness--Annealing kilns--Grinding and polishing processes--Machines used for grinding and polishing-- Method of holding the glass--Abrasives and polishing materials--Theory of the polishing process--Limiting sizes of polished plate--Homogeneity of polished plate-- Uses of plate glass--Bent polished plate--Mirrors-- Bevelling, process and machines--Wired plate glass, rolled and polished--Difficulties and limitations-- Advantages of wired glass _p._ 122 CHAPTER X. SHEET AND CROWN GLASS.