Goethe's literary essays : $b A selection in EnglishGoethe, Johann Wolfgang von
History
Goethe's literary essays : $b A selection in English
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von
Art; Literature -- History and criticism
_I._--We need not give it a name; but let us ask ourselves what are
the demands the soul makes of a work of art. It is not enough that it
fulfils a limited desire, that it satisfies our curiosity, or gives
order and stability to our knowledge; that which is Higher in us must
be awakened; we must be inspired with reverence, and feel ourselves
worthy of reverence.
_Guest._--I begin to be at a loss to comprehend you.
_Uncle._--But I think I am able to follow in some measure;--how far,
I shall try to make clear by an example. We will suppose our artist
had made an eagle in bronze which perfectly expressed the idea of the
species, but now he would place him on the sceptre of Jupiter. Do you
think it would be perfectly suitable there?
_Guest._--It would depend.
_Uncle._--I say, No! The artist must first impart to him something
beyond all this.
_Guest._--What then?
_Uncle._--It is hard to express.
_Guest._--So I should think.
_I._--And yet something may be done by approximation.
_Guest._--To it then.
_I._--He must give to the eagle what he gave to Jupiter, in order to
make him into a God.
_Guest._--And this is--
_I._--The Godlike,--which in truth we should never become acquainted
with, did not man feel and himself reproduce it.
_Guest._--I continue to hold my ground, and let you ascend into the
clouds. I see that you mean to indicate the high style of the Greeks,
which I prize only so far as it is characteristic.
_I._--It is something more to us, however; it answers to a high demand,
but still not the highest.
_Guest._--You seem to be very hard to satisfy.
_I._--It beseems him to demand much for whom much is in store. Let me
be brief. The human soul is in an exalted position when it reverences,
when it adores; when it elevates an object and is elevated by it again.
But it cannot remain long in this state. The general concept of genus
leaves it cold; the Ideal raises it above itself; but now it must
return again into itself; and it would gladly enjoy once more that
affection which it then felt for the Individual, without coming back
to the same limited view, and will not forego the significant, the
spirit-moving. What would become of it now, if Beauty did not step in
and happily solve the riddle? She first gives life and warmth to the
Scientific, and breathing her softening influence and heavenly charm
over even the Significant and the High, brings it back to us again. A
beautiful work of art has gone through the entire circle; it becomes
again an Individual that we can embrace with affection, that we can
make our own.
_Guest._--Have you done?
_I._--For the present. The little circle is completed; we have come
back to our starting point; the soul has made its demands, and those
demands have been satisfied. I have nothing further to add. (Here our
good uncle was peremptorily called away to a patient.)
_Guest._--It is the custom of you philosophic gentlemen to engage in
battle behind high-sounding words, as if it were an ægis.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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