THE SPANISH SERIES GOYA THE SPANISH SERIES _EDITED BY ALBERT F. CALVERT_ GOYA TOLEDO MADRID SEVILLE MURILLO CORDOVA EL GRECO VELAZQUEZ THE PRADO THE ESCORIAL ROYAL PALACES OF SPAIN SPANISH ARMS AND ARMOUR GRANADA AND THE ALHAMBRA LEON, BURGOS, AND SALAMANCA CATALONIA, VALENCIA AND MURCIA VALLADOLID, OVIEDO, SEGOVIA, ZAMORA, AVILA, AND ZARAGOZA GOYA AN ACCOUNT OF HIS LIFE AND WORKS BY ALBERT F. CALVERT, WITH 612 REPRODUCTIONS FROM HIS PICTURES, ETCHINGS, AND LITHOGRAPHS LONDON: JOHN LANE, THE BODLEY HEAD NEW YORK: JOHN LANE COMPANY MCMVIII _To_ _THE MARQUIS OF COMILLAS_ _My dear Marquis,_ _I beg you to accept the dedication of this volume as a mark of the high value I place upon your friendship, and as a sincere expression of my esteem for yourself as a patron of the arts, a true philanthropist, and a lifelong worker in the interests of Spanish greatness._ _I am, my dear Marquis,_ _Your sincere and obliged,_ _ALBERT F. CALVERT._ Edinburgh: T. and A. CONSTABLE, Printers to His Majesty PREFACE It has been said that in England everybody knows of Cervantes, but very few persons have more than a nodding acquaintance with _Don Quixote_, and Goya’s reputation in this country is even less securely founded. The great Aragonese is indeed little more than a name to the general public, and his work is literally unknown. Two little books--Mr. W. Rothenstein’s _Goya_, now out of print, and a monograph by Mr. Richard Muther in the Langham Series--are the only volumes in English dealing exclusively with a painter who for more than half a century might have been described, with more aptness than that with which the words were applied to Zurbarán, as ‘All Spain.’ As sincere a lover and as brilliant a transcriber of the beautiful as Watteau and Van Loo, a greater realist than Hogarth, and in portraiture second only to Velazquez, Goya stands out as the greatest artist Spain has produced since the death of the great Court painter of Philip IV.