Greek drama (Tragedy) -- History and criticism; Mythology, Greek, in literature
During the best period of the chorus its mimetic dancing must have been
a wonderful spectacle. We hear of highly-skilled performers who could
reproduce action so that the audience followed every detail. They seem
to have “accompanied” some portions of the episodes in this manner; and
that fact may account for a rather curious feature in the _Ion_. The
messenger gives a remarkably detailed description of the designs upon
the embroideries wherewith Ion roofed his great banqueting-marquee—the
constellations and “Dawn pursuing the stars” are all described. Possibly
this was written for the sake of an unusually brilliant mimetic evolution
by groups of choreutæ.
The chorus had other duties during the episodes. As a body they normally
showed themselves interested spectators; thus the chorus of _Orestes_
enter in order to inquire of Electra concerning her sick brother. Not
infrequently they do more, taking an actual share in events. At the close
of _Agamemnon_ the Argive elders are at point to do battle with Ægisthus
and his henchmen; in _Alcestis_ they join the funeral procession; at
other times they aid the persons of the play, not only by misleading
enemies (_Choephorœ_) or directing friends (_Œdipus Tyrannus_) but by
keeping watch (_Orestes_). Further, the coryphæus almost always delivers
two or three lines at the end of every long speech, save when it ends a
scene. These little interpolations are invariably obvious and feeble.
After Hermione’s tirade against women the coryphæus comments thus: “Too
freely hast thou indulged thy tongue against thy sex. It is pardonable in
thee, but still women should gloss over the weaknesses of women.” Anyone
who has listened to the delivery of some splendid passage in Shakespeare,
an outburst of Lear or Mercutio’s Queen Mab speech, will remember how the
applause which follows it drowns the next speaker’s opening lines. Some
pause is needed. This is provided in Greek tragedy by the insertion of a
line or two which will not be missed if inaudible.
The satyric chorus diverged little from the tragic in the points
discussed under this section. It had, however, a special type of dance
called the “Sikinnis”. “One of the postures used ... was called the owl,
and is variously explained by the old grammarians as having consisted in
shading the eyes with the hands, or in turning the head to and fro like
an owl.”[198]
VI. THE AUDIENCE
The time of the Dionysiac festivals, especially the great Dionysia, was
a holiday for all Athens, and the centre of enjoyment was the show of
tragedies and comedies. At sunrise the theatre was filled with a huge
throng prepared to sit packed together for hours facing the sun with no
interval for a meal or for exercise. It is important to remember that in
Athens that incalculable play-goer, “the average man,” did really enjoy
and appreciate first-class dramatic work.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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