Half hours with the lower animals : $b protozoans, sponges, corals, shells, insects, and crustaceansHolder, Charles Frederick
Science
Half hours with the lower animals : $b protozoans, sponges, corals, shells, insects, and crustaceans
Holder, Charles Frederick
Animals; Invertebrates
One of the most interesting slugs is the Onchidium (Fig. 112).
According to the naturalist Semper, it has upon its back numerous eyes,
which enable it to see from above. It is a mud-loving form, common in
our new provinces, the Philippines, where the heat is intense and the
water warm. One of the land slugs, Limax noctiluca, emits light; and
the eggs of another, Arion, have been noticed to be luminous for nearly
two weeks after being deposited.
[Illustration: FIG. 113.--_A_, _B_, _C_, pteropods; _D_, young of
Cleodora, all highly magnified.]
Nearly all these shells are slow-moving animals, but there are others,
the pteropods (Fig. 113), which are swimmers. The veritable fairy
craft of the sea, they are housed in shells of dainty structure and
moving by singular winglike fins, which give them the name of ocean
butterflies. They have the property of phosphorescence to a remarkable
degree. Cleodora (Fig. 113, _D_) emits a soft light which gleams
through the delicate shell like a light in a lantern. In swimming it
moves its fins up and down very much like a butterfly, so that they
touch at the top. As delicate and dainty as this little creature is,
it has a marvelous arrangement for seizing prey, each tentacle having
about three thousand transparent cylinders, each of which contains
twenty stalked suckers. As there are six tentacles on each sucker,
Cleodora can grasp its prey with three hundred thousand hands. Equally
dainty in its way is the sea snail, Ianthina, a violet shell of great
delicacy, whose foot develops a raft which resembles a mass of soap
bubbles, so the violet snail floats upon the surface of tropical and
semi-tropical seas. I have seen the shores of the keys of the Florida
Reef lined with an undulating ribbon of these shells after a storm.
When touched they emit a rich violet ink which lasts a long time as
a stain. A small species of Ianthina is found in the winter on the
southern Californian shores, and beneath the attractive float will be
found the eggs.
[Illustration: FIG. 114.--1, _Dentalium entalis_, natural size; 2,
shell magnified, and broken to show animal within; 3, animal projecting
from the shell; 4, animal from below, magnified; 6, same from above; 5,
same, showing internal structure.]
XIII. THE CUTTLEFISHES
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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