Harper's Electricity Book for BoysAdams, Joseph H. (Joseph Henry)
Science
Harper's Electricity Book for Boys
Adams, Joseph H. (Joseph Henry)
Electricity -- Juvenile literature
The electrolyte is composed of sulphuric acid and water in the
proportion of one ounce of acid to four of water, making a five-part
solution. This should be mixed in an earthen or glass jar, and the acid
poured slowly into the water, the latter being stirred while the acid is
added. When the solution cools (for adding acid to water creates heat),
add about two ounces of bicarbonate of soda, and mix the solution
thoroughly.
When the pile is in place within the box (having first removed the
string which bound the plates together) pour the electrolyte slowly
into the cell, taking care that none of it spatters, for it will eat
clothing or anything else that it touches. Before placing the pile, or
electrolyte, in the box, it should be thoroughly tested for leaks by
allowing water to stand in it for several days. Indeed, you should be
very generous with the asphaltum, or compound, when coating the angles
and points inside the box; for if the acid solution gets at the screws
it will corrode them and the box will soon leak and fall apart. As a
precaution against the acid working over the top of the box, the upper
edge, for an inch or two, should be coated with paraffine over the
asphaltum or acid-proof coating.
A cell constructed in this way should accumulate about two volts and one
hundred ampere-hours, and will run a one-sixteenth horse-power motor.
The expense of making these plates is about twenty-five cents each, and,
including the cell and coating materials, each storage-battery will cost
approximately two dollars. The lasting qualities of the battery depend
on the use or abuse it is put to; but with ordinary care it should last
from three to five years.
When the battery ceases to accumulate properly the pile should be
removed, and, after washing it thoroughly, the bars should be cut away
and new positive plates made and installed. The positive plates are the
ones that deteriorate and need replacing; the negatives are almost
everlasting, and with proper usage will live for fifteen or twenty
years.
Directly the electrolyte is in the cell, connect the poles of your
primary cells so as to begin the accumulation of current. Never exhaust
the charge of electricity from your storage-cell, and never leave it
uncharged when the electrolyte is in, or the plates will be ruined. A
battery consisting of from five to twenty bluestone cells will be the
best with which to charge this accumulator; and if more than one cell is
desired, any number of them can be made and coupled up in series. Take
care, when connecting the wires from the primary cells, to see that the
positive wire is connected with the positive plates and the negative
with the lead bar joining the yellow plates. If by accident you should
make a misconnection, bubbles will rise from the electrolyte. This is
not right, so reverse the wires and the accumulation of current will
then take place without agitation in the cell.
Dry-cells and Batteries
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account