Harvard Psychological Studies, Volume 2 — John Shaqi
Harvard Psychological Studies, Volume 2
Science
Harvard Psychological Studies, Volume 2
Psychology, Experimental
We have thus the following fundamental result: If the eyes are in
normal primary position, a movement of the left edge to ±6 mm. is
constantly apperceived at threshold of distance and this corresponds to
retinal images whose visual angles differ by about 17". A difference
of 17" in the visual angles of the two eyes produces thus under the
conditions of this experiment for this subject a strong stereoscopic
effect when the eyes are in primary position. If the eyes are in the
position of the head 30° to the left, the left eye thus much further
from the edges than the right eye, the visual angle of the left image
thus much smaller than that of the right image, we find the same
equality-point with the same threshold. We saw that in this position
the two visual angles would be equal if the left edge were moved to
+17 mm.; instead of at +17, the equality-point--when the left edge is
judged--lies at -1.49, that is, at a point at which the visual angle
of the left eye is more than 46" smaller than the angle of the right
eye. While in normal position a difference of the two retinal images of
17" constitutes a distinct threshold value; at a lateral position of
the eyes of 30° the great difference of 46" becomes necessary to give
the impression of equal plane, while a decrease of that difference to
30" gives a distinct feeling of greater distance. Equal retinal images
produce for the lateral eyes thus the same effect which for the normal
position very different images produce; and to get for the lateral eyes
the effect which equal images produce for the normal position, the
angles of the images must differ by 46".
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