Helmet and spear : $b stories from the wars of the Greeks and RomansChurch, Alfred John
History
Helmet and spear : $b stories from the wars of the Greeks and Romans
Church, Alfred John
Greece -- History, Military; Rome -- History, Military
The decisive battle was not long delayed. We have no details of the
tactics employed on either side, but we are told that the contest
was long and bloody, lasting from sunrise almost to sunset. A daring
stratagem seems to have done something towards deciding the issue of
the battle. Gelo had intercepted a letter from the magistrates of the
Greek city of Selinus to Hasdrubal, in which there was a promise that
they would send a force of cavalry to his help. He intended some of his
own horsemen to play the part of the cavalry of Selinus. They were to
make their way into the enemy's camp and then take the opportunity of
doing all the mischief they could. A concerted signal was to apprise
the commander-in-chief of their success. On seeing he would press the
attack with all possible vigour. This he did, and the result was the
complete defeat of the Carthaginians.
So far there is nothing improbable about the story. When we are told
that one-half of the invading army fell on the field of battle we
recognise one of the familiar exaggerations of ancient history. It is
probable that the real number, both of the combatants and of the slain,
was much smaller than that commonly received. However this may be,
Carthage certainly suffered a disaster of the first magnitude. Her army
ceased to exist; some of the fugitives probably made good their escape
to the Phœnician strongholds in the island, but many were compelled to
surrender to the conquerors. Some, doubtless, were ransomed by their
friends at home; the rest were sold as slaves.
So fine an opportunity of pointing a moral and adorning a tale was not
likely to be lost by the Greek writers. The story in the shape which
it ultimately took was this: As both of the Carthaginian camps were
captured by Gelo, the fleet met with the same fate as the army. But
the squadron of twenty ships which had been reserved for emergencies
made good its escape. But even these were not fated to reach the
African shore. A storm overtook them on their voyage and all perished.
One little boat, rowed by a single survivor, survived to carry the
story of how the most splendid armament ever sent forth from Carthage
had ceased to exist. Exactly the same story was told of the return of
Xerxes after the defeat of Salamis. According to Herodotus, who had
every opportunity of knowing the truth, the Persian king made his way
back over-land, losing many men on the way from hunger and disease, but
unmolested. So tame a conclusion did not satisfy the Greek sense of
the fitness of things. Tradition pictured the Persian king as making
his escape after the battle in a single ship; and Juvenal, when he
was seeking illustrations for the great theme of the vanity of human
wishes, found the legend admirably suited to his purpose. Xerxes had
lashed the winds and put the sea in fetters when they hindered his
triumphal march. But how did he return?--
"In one poor ship the baffled monarch fled
O'er crimsoned seas and billows clogged with dead."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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