+revellerent+ = +re + vello+ = _pluck-away_. If you forget the meaning
of +vello+, the supine +vulsum+ through some English derivative--e.g.
_re-vulsion_, _con-vulsion_--will probably help you to the root-meaning.
(ii.) _Translation._--This sentence contains four finite verbs. As you
read it through, underline the principal verb, clearly +REPERTI SUNT+,
and bracket +qui+ to +vulnerarent+. You cannot doubt which verbs to
include in your bracket, for +qui+, which is a subordinate conjunction
as well as a relative pronoun, serves as a sure signpost. Also
+revellerent+ and +vulnerarent+ are joined by +et--et+ to +insilirent+,
so your bracket includes all from +qui+ to +vulnerarent+. The commas in
the passage will often help you to the beginning and end of a
subordinate clause. Now begin with the principal verb +REPERTI SUNT+ and
its subject +complures nostri MILITES+, _many of our soldiers were
found_.
+qui ... vulnerarent+. This subordinate clause describes, just as an
adjective does, _the character_ of these +complures nostri+, so that
+qui = tales ut+--i.e. _brave enough to leap upon the phalanxes, and
pluck away the shields (of the Germans) and wound them from above_.
+IV.+ +Cum hostium acies a sinistro cornu pulsa atque in fugam conversa
esset, a dextro cornu vehementer multitudine suorum nostram aciem
premebant.+
(i.) _Vocabulary._--
+ăcies+ = _line of battle_.
√+ac+ = _sharp_ (cf. +ācer+), perhaps thought of as the _edge_ of a
sword.
+cornu+ = _horn_; so, figuratively, _the wing of an army_.
(ii.) _Translation._--This sentence contains three finite verbs.
Underline +PREMEBANT+, clearly the principal verb, and bracket +cum+ to
+conversa esset+. Here the signpost is the subordinate conjunction
+cum+. Next find the subject of +premebant+: obviously no word from +a
dextro+ to +aciem+ can be the subject; it is implied in
+premebant+--i.e. _they_, which as context shows = +Germani+. Now find
the object = +nostram aciem+ = _our line_.
Thus you have as the backbone of the whole sentence:--
_They (the Germans) were pressing our line._
All the rest of the sentence will now take its proper place, as in some
way modifying the action of +premebant+.
Thus:--
+cum ... conversa esset+ tells us _when_ they were pressing.
+a dextro cornu+ „ „ _where_ „ „
+vehementer+ „ „ _how_ „ „
+multitudine suorum+ „ „ _how or why_ „ „
N.B.--+suorum+, reflexive, must be identical with the subject of
+premebant+.
Now translate _{Though}{When} the enemy’s line had been routed
and put to flight on their left wing, on their right wing, owing to
their great numbers, they were pressing hard upon our line._
+V.+ +Id cum animadvertisset Publius Crassus adulescens, qui equitatui
praeerat, quod expeditior erat quam hi qui inter aciem versabantur,
tertiam aciem laborantibus nostris subsidio misit.+
(i.) _Vocabulary._--
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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