+Haud dubia res est+, [quippe inter Hannibalem ducem et centurionem; exercitusque, alterum vincendo veteranum, alterum novum totum, magna ex parte etiam tumultuarium et semiermem.] {I} [Ut conspecta inter se agmina sunt, et neutra pars detrectavit pugnam], extemplo +instructae acies+. {II} +Pugnatum+ tamen, ut in nulla pari re, duas amplius horas, concitata et, [donec dux stetisset], Romana acie. {III} {Postquam is non pro vetere fama solum, sed etiam metu futuri dedecoris, [si sua temeritate contractae cladi superesset], obiectans se hostium telis cecidit}, +fusa+ extemplo +est Romana acies+. {IV} Sed adeo ne fugae quidem +iter patuit+ omnibus viis ab equite insessis, [ut ex tanta multitudine vix mille evaserint, ceteri passim alii alia peste absumpti sint]. {V} LIVY. DEMONSTRATION IV. LIVY, xxv. 19. _Read through the Passage carefully._--The context will be familiar to you, as this piece is a continuation of Demonstration III; but, none the less, read the passage through very carefully. Notice, for example, the use of +quippe+, the various uses and meanings of +ut+, +alterum ... alterum+, +alii alia+. You can now begin to translate. +I.+ +Haud dubia res est, quippe inter Hannibalem ducem et centurionem; exercitusque, alterum vincendo veteranum, alterum novum totum, magna ex parte etiam tumultuarium et semiermem.+ (i.) _Vocabulary._-- +quippe+ = +qui + pe+. +pe+ = a form of +que+ (cf. +nempe = nam-pe+ = indeed) = _since of course_. +alterum+ (comparative of +al-ius+), cf. +alter+, _alternate_, _either_, _other_. In distributive clauses, +alter--alter+ = _the one_, _the other_. +tumultuarium+ (cf. +tumultus+), used of troops brought _hurriedly_ together; so, _disorderly_. (ii.) _Translation._--This sentence is quite simple, consisting of one main statement, +Haud dubia res est+, and an explanatory subordinate statement of fact introduced by +quippe+. Notice that the influence of +inter+ extends over the whole of the subordinate clause. _Literally:_ ‘The affair was not doubtful, since, of course, it was between Hannibal as general and a centurion, and between armies, the one grown old in victory, the other wholly new, and for the most part also hurriedly raised and half-armed.’ There are several points in which this rendering must be improved. Thus:-- (a) _Affair_ for +res+ is too vague. You will remember what was said about +res+ in Sentence I. of Part I. pp. 33, 34. (b) You must try to express more strongly the contrast in generalship between Hannibal and a mere centurion. Thus:-- ‘_The +result+ was not doubtful, considering that the contest was between a general such as Hannibal and a (mere) centurion; and between two armies, the one grown old in victory, the other consisting entirely of raw recruits, and for the most part undrilled and half-armed._’ +II.+ +Ut conspecta inter se agmina sunt, et neutra pars detrectavit pugnam, extemplo instructae acies.+ (i.) _Vocabulary._--