Heroes of science : $b Botanists, zoologists, and geologists — John Shaqi
Heroes of science : $b Botanists, zoologists, and geologistsDuncan, P. Martin (Peter Martin)
History
Heroes of science : $b Botanists, zoologists, and geologists
Duncan, P. Martin (Peter Martin)
Naturalists
At length it was thought desirable that these flowery pursuits should
give way to more serious occupations, and he was committed to the charge
of a private tutor, whom he calls “a passionate and morose man, better
calculated for extinguishing a youth’s talents than for improving them.”
Nor did he fare any better in his next remove, which was to the grammar
school at Wexiö, where the masters “pursued the same methods, preferring
stripes and punishments to encouragements and admonitions.” Probably the
boy evinced his distaste for such coercive measures, since we find him
soon removed from school to the care of another private teacher, of whose
mild and gentle disposition he speaks in terms of approval. Nevertheless,
he too failed to inspire in his pupil a love for the studies which were
considered necessary as preparatory to admission into holy orders; for
Nils Linnæus, desirous that his eldest son should become his assistant
and eventually his successor, designed him for the Church. The boy had
to work for three years before he was promoted to a higher “form” in
the school, called the “circle;” and the principal use he seems to have
made of the greater liberty allowed him in this new rank, was to shun
the usual exercises and give himself up to the study of his favourite
pursuit—the knowledge of flowers. He acknowledges that his time was
chiefly spent in wandering about the outskirts of the town, and making
himself acquainted with all the plants he could find. According to the
system then pursued in Sweden, it was necessary that youths should pass
from the schools or private tutors to a superior seminary, called the
Gymnasium, where the higher branches of literature were taught; and
accordingly, at the age of seventeen, the young Linnæus was removed
thither. But the original predilections of his mind were then still more
strikingly evinced and matured. He showed the strongest distaste for
theological studies. In the metaphysics, ethics, Greek and Hebrew, and
theology his companions far outstripped him; but in mathematics, and
particularly physics, he as much excelled them. His favourite science,
botany, which at that time was wholly neglected, still continued to
be his most engrossing pursuit, and he soon contrived to form a small
library of books in that branch. Among others he mentions the “Chloris
Gothica” of Bromelius, and Rudbeck’s “Hortus Upsaliensis,” which he
confesses his inability then to comprehend clearly. Nevertheless he says
he “continued to read them day and night, and committed them to memory.”
His own copies of these books, “used with the utmost care and neatness,”
were preserved among his library, and after his death were sold with his
collection. The zeal and eagerness he evinced in these studies procured
him, both among masters and scholars, the name of “the Little Botanist.”
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