Hiawatha and the Iroquois Confederation: A Study in Anthropology. A Paper Read at the Cincinnati Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, in August, 1881, under the Title of "A Lawgiver of the Stone Age." — John Shaqi
Hiawatha and the Iroquois Confederation: A Study in Anthropology. A Paper Read at the Cincinnati Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, in August, 1881, under the Title of "A Lawgiver of the Stone Age."Hale, Horatio
History
Hiawatha and the Iroquois Confederation: A Study in Anthropology. A Paper Read at the Cincinnati Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, in August, 1881, under the Title of "A Lawgiver of the Stone Age."
Hale, Horatio
Hiawatha, active 15th century; Iroquois Indians
In the early dawn he seated himself on a fallen trunk, near the spring
from which the inhabitants of the long-house drew their water. Presently
one of the brothers came out with a vessel of elm-bark, and approached
the spring. Hiawatha sat silent and motionless. Something in his aspect
awed the warrior, who feared to address him. He returned to the house,
and said to Dekanawidah, "a man, or a figure like a man, is seated by the
spring, having his breast covered with strings of white shells." "It is
a guest," replied the chief; "go and bring him in. We will make him
welcome." Thus Hiawatha and Dekanawidah first met. They found in each
other kindred spirits. The sagacity of the Mohawk chief grasped at once
the advantages of the proposed plan, and the two worked together in
perfecting it, and in commending it to the people. After much discussion
in council, the adhesion of the Mohawk nation was secured. Dekanawidah
then despatched two of his brothers as ambassadors to the nearest tribe,
the Oneidas, to lay the project before them. The Oneida nation is deemed
to be a comparatively recent offshoot from the Mohawks. The difference
of language is slight, showing that their separation was much later than
that of the Onondagas. In the figurative speech of the Iroquois, the
Oneida is the son, and the Onondaga is the brother, of the Mohawk.
Dekanawidah had good reason to expect that it would not prove difficult
to win the consent of the Oneidas to the proposed scheme. But delay and
deliberation mark all public acts of the Indians. The ambassadors found
the leading chief, Odatshehte, at his town on the Oneida creek. He
received their message in a friendly way, but required time for his
people to consider it in council. "Come back in another day," he said to
the messengers. In the political speech of the Indians, a day is
understood to mean a year. The envoys carried back the reply to
Dekanawidah and Hiawatha, who knew that they could do nothing but wait
the prescribed time. After the lapse of a year, they repaired to the
place of meeting. The treaty which initiated the great league was then
and there ratified between the representatives of the Mohawk and Oneida
nations. The name of Odatshehte means "the quiver-bearer;" and as
Atotarho, "the entangled," is fabled to have had his head wreathed with
snaky locks, and as Hiawatha, "the wampum-seeker," is represented to have
wrought shells into wampum, so the Oneida chief is reputed to have
appeared at this treaty bearing at his shoulder a quiver full of arrows.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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