Looking west from the summit, no fewer than ten monastic establishments with their temples, villages and cultivation, were at once visible, in the valley of the Great Rungeet, and in those of its tributaries; namely, Changachelling, Raklang, Dholi, Molli, Catsuperri, Dhoobdi, Sunnook, Powhungri, Pemiongchi and Tassiding, all of considerable size, and more or less remarkable in their sites, being perched on spurs or peaks at elevations varying from 3000 to 7000 feet, and commanding splendid prospects. We encamped at Lingcham, where I had halted on the 21st, and the weather being fine, I took bearings of all the convents and mountains around. There is much cultivation here, and many comparatively rich villages, all occupying flat-shouldered spurs from Mainom. The houses are large, and the yards are full of animals familiar to the eye but not to the ear. The cows of Sikkim, though generally resembling the English in stature, form, and colour, have humps, and grunt rather than low; and the cocks wake the morning with a prolonged howling screech, instead of the shrill crow of chanticleer. Hence we descended north-west to the Great Rungeet, opposite Tassiding; which is one of the oldest monastic establishments in Sikkim, and one we were very anxious to visit. The descent lay through a forest of tropical trees, where small palms, vines, peppers, _Pandanus,_ wild plantain, and _Pothos,_ were interlaced in an impenetrable jungle, and air-plants clothed the trees. Illustration--IMPLEMENTS USED IN BOODHIST TEMPLES. Praying cylinder in stand (see Chapter VII); another to be carried in the hand; cymbals; bell; brass cup; three trumpets; conch; dorje. CHAPTER XIV. Tassiding, view of and from -- Funereal cypress -- Camp at Sunnook -- Hot vapours -- Lama's house -- Temples, decorations, altars, idols, general effect -- Chaits -- Date of erection -- Plundered by Ghorkas -- Cross Ratong -- Ascend to Pemiongchi -- Relation of river-beds to strike of rocks -- Slopes of ravines -- Pemiongchi, view of -- Vegetation -- Elevation -- Temple, decorations, etc. -- Former capital of Sikkim -- History of Sikkim -- Nightingales -- Campbell departs -- Tchonpong -- Edgeworthia -- Cross Rungbee and Ratong -- Hoar-frost on plantains -- Yoksun -- Walnuts -- View -- Funereal cypresses -- Doobdi -- Gigantic cypresses -- Temples -- Snow-fall -- Sikkim, etc. -- Toys. Tassiding hill is the steep conical termination of a long spur from a pine-clad shoulder of Kinchinjunga, called Powhungri: it divides the Great Rungeet from its main feeder, the Ratong, which rises from the south face of Kinchin. We crossed the former by a bridge formed of two bamboo stems, slung by canes from two parallel arches of stout branches lashed together.