With this brief glance at our forgotten predecessors, we may turn our gaze upon that region near the banks of the Dnieper whence our own ancestors first began to expand into the world. And we get a glimpse of the kind of settlements in which these pastoral people must have lived in the fact that the English word _garden_ has grown from the same stem as the termination _-grad_ in _Petrograd_, where it means ‘town’, while on the other hand the Dutch for _garden_ is ‘tuin.’ We see their villages, family settlements springing up in an enclosure round the home of a patriarch. Households are large and cumbersome, the sons, as they grow up, bring home wives from different villages, and all live together under the roof and absolute dominion of the mother and father-in-law. Both sexes wear _zones_ or loin-cloths, and probably in addition one simple garment of fur or of some woven material, which does not altogether hide their tattooed bodies, adorned with armlets and necklaces of animals’ teeth, or it may be of shells or amber beads. It is the business of the women in these communities, not only to remain faithful to their husbands on pain of the most appalling penalties, not only to bring up the children, to keep house, and to _weave_ and spin, but also to till the fields and look after the _bees_, _geese_, _oxen_, _sows_, and such other animals as may have been domesticated. A hard enough life, but they have their consolations as they grow older and become respected as dames. Moreover, they have a religious cult of their own. In some cases their imaginations are rich in myth, and they are looked up to as knowing the secrets of Nature and possibly of the future itself. It is the men’s business to make war, hold councils, and hunt—possibly with horses[4] and _hounds_, both of which animals are at any rate known to them. The family lives on a kind of unleavened bread, _milk_, cheese,[5] cooked meats, vegetables, and some fruits.