History of American SocialismsNoyes, John Humphrey
History
History of American Socialisms
Noyes, John Humphrey
Communism -- United States; Socialism -- United States
"In the spring of 1845, after their organization under the
charter, they had considerable accession to their numbers, and
might have had greater; but were very careful about admitting
new members, and erred very much in making a property
qualification. About this time (1845) a question of policy arose
among the members, the decision of which is supposed by many
good judges to have been the principal cause of the ultimate
division and dissolution; it was, whether the dwellings should
be built in unitary blocks adapted to a common boarding-house,
or in isolated style, adapted to the separate family and single
living. It was decided by a small majority to pursue the unitary
plan, and this policy was persisted in until there was a
division of property. Whether this was the cause of failure or
not, it induced many of the best members to leave; and although
it might have been the true policy under other circumstances and
for other persons, in this case it was evidently wrong, for the
members were not socially developed sufficiently to maintain
such close relations. Notwithstanding this, they continued to
increase slowly, rejecting many more applicants than they
admitted; and often rejecting the better and admitting the
worse, because the worse had the property qualifications. In
this way they increased to the maximum of thirty-three families.
They had no pecuniary difficulties, for they kept mostly out of
debt.
"It was a great reading Community; often averaging as many as
five or six regular newspapers to a family, and these constantly
exchanging with each other. They were not religious, but mostly
rather skeptical, except a few elderly orthodox persons. [This
hardly agrees with the statement and protest on the 436th page.]
"They were very industrious, and had many discussions and warm
arguments about work, manners, progress, etc.; but still they
continued to work and scold, and scold and work, with much
energy, and to much effect. They raised one season ten thousand
bushels of wheat, and much other grain; had about seven hundred
acres under cultivation; but committed a great error in
cultivating four hundred acres on the school lands adjoining
their own, because it lay a little better for a large field.
They had subsequently to remove their fences and leave that
land, for they did not wish to buy it.
"Their charter elections were annual, and were often warmly
contested, and turned mainly on the question of unitary or
isolated households; but they never went beyond words in their
contentions.
"They were all temperance men and women: no ardent spirits were
kept or sold for the first four years in the township, and never
on the domain, while it was held as joint-stock.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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